REPORT

2021p

June

2026

DATA SERIES

IOGP Safety performance indicators
- Process safety events - 2021 data

Acknowledgements

IOGP thanks those companies that have participated in the data collection programme. This Report was produced by the Safety Committee.

Feedback

IOGP welcomes feedback on our reports: publications@iogp.org

Disclaimer

Whilst every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication, neither IOGP nor any of its Members past present or future warrants its accuracy or will, regardless of its or their negligence, assume liability for any foreseeable or unforeseeable use made thereof, which liability is hereby excluded. Consequently, such use is at the recipient’s own risk on the basis that any use by the recipient constitutes agreement to the terms of this disclaimer. The recipient is obliged to inform any subsequent recipient of such terms.

Please note that this publication is provided for informational purposes and adoption of any of its recommendations is at the discretion of the user. Except as explicitly stated otherwise, this publication must not be considered as a substitute for government policies or decisions or reference to the relevant legislation relating to information contained in it.

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REPORT

2021p

June

2026

DATA SERIES

IOGP Safety performance indicators
- Process safety events - 2021 data

Revision history

VERSION	DATE	AMENDMENTS
1.00	July 2025	First release

Contributing companies

8. Company results

Appendix A – Database dimensions

Appendix B – Data tables

Section 1 Overall

Section 2 Results by function

Section 3 Results by activity

Section 4 Results by consequence

Section 5 Results by material released

Section 6 Results by Process Safety Fundamental

Section 7 Results by region

Section 8 Company results

Appendix C – Countries represented

Appendix D – Glossary of terms

Contributing companies

The process safety statistics were derived from data provided by the following companies:

2022

ADDAX Petroleum Limited

ADNOC

Aker BP

Assala Energy

Beach Energy

BW Energy

Capricorn Energy

CCED

Cenovus

CEPSA EP

Chevron

CNOOC

ConocoPhillips

Crescent Petroleum

Dana Gas

ENI

Equinor ASA

ExxonMobil

Genel Energy

Gulf Keystone

Harbour Energy

INPEX Corporation

MOL

Neptune Energy

North Oil Company

OMV

Pan American Energy

Petrobras

Petronas Carigali Sdn Bhd

PGNiG

Pluspetrol

Prime Energy

PTTEP

Repsol

Shell Companies

SOCAR

Sonangol

Spirit Energy

Suncor

TotalEnergies

Trident Energy

Tullow Oil

Vår Energy

Wintershall Dea

Woodside

YPF SA

2023

ADDAX Petroleum Limited

ADNOC

Aker BP

Azule

Basrah Gas Company

Beach Energy

BW Energy

Cenovus

CEPSA EP

Chevron

CNOOC

ConocoPhillips

Crescent Petroleum

Dana Gas

Dolphin Energy

ENI

Equinor ASA

ExxonMobil

Genel Energy

Gulf Keystone

Harbour Energy

Hess Corporation

INPEX Corporation

Kosmos Energy

Kuwait Oil Company

MOL

Neptune Energy

North Oil Company

OMV

Orlen

Pan American Energy

Petrobras

Petronas Carigali Sdn Bhd

Pluspetrol

Prime Energy

PTTEP

QatarEnergy

QatarEnergy LNG

Repsol

Shell Companies

SOCAR

Sonangol

Spirit Energy

Suncor

TotalEnergies

Trident Energy

Tullow Oil

Vår Energy

Wintershall Dea

Woodside

YPF SA

2024

ADDAX Petroleum Limited

ADNOC

Aker BP

Apache

Azule

Bapco Energies

Basrah Gas Company

Beach Energy

CCED

Cenovus

Chevron

ConocoPhillips

Crescent Petroleum

Dana Gas

Dolphin Energy

ENI

Equinor ASA

ExxonMobil

Gulf Keystone

Harbour Energy

Hess Corporation

INPEX Corporation

Kosmos Energy

Kuwait Oil Company

MOL

North Oil Company

OMV

Orlen

Pan American Energy

Pertamina

Petrobras

Pluspetrol

Prime Energy

Prio

PTTEP

QatarEnergy

QatarEnergy LNG

Repsol

Shell Companies

SOCAR

Spirit Energy

TotalEnergies

Trident Energy

Tullow Oil

Vår Energy

Woodside

YPF SA

Introduction

In response to a number of major incidents, the oil and gas industry has identified opportunities to improve Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for monitoring and review within management systems in order to more proactively identify and address barrier weaknesses.

IOGP Report 456 - Process Safety - Recommended Practice on Key Performance Indicators provides guidance for companies with upstream activities on Key Performance Indicators (KPI) used in managing process safety for the prevention of unplanned and uncontrolled loss of containment events. It builds on the framework and definitions included in the API Recommended Practice (RP) 754, Process Safety Indicators for the Refining and Petrochemical Industries on process safety indicators, with specific emphasis on their application to upstream oil and gas activities.

IOGP published the 3rd edition of Report 456 in May 2023. For IOGP data reporting purposes, this revised version applies to PSEs recorded from 2023 onwards.

IOGP Report 456 and API RP 754 adopt a four-tier framework of KPIs which is illustrated in Figure 1.

Tiers 1 and 2 are predominantly lagging indicators related to Loss of Primary Containment (LOPC) referred to as a Process Safety Event (PSE):

The Tier 1 KPI records events with greater consequence within the four-tier approach.
The Tier 2 KPI records incidents with a lesser consequence.

Figure 1: Process Safety Indicator Pyramid (from API RP 754)

RP 754 Tier 1 and Tier 2 KPI definitions and thresholds have been adopted by IOGP with the intent that both indicators can be applied across production and drilling operations for the industry worldwide.

Tier 1 and Tier 2 KPIs include LOPC incidents that are reportable as Process Safety Events (PSEs) if the incident results in any of the consequences shown in Figure 2. The definitions refer to material release threshold quantities, which are published in Part E of IOGP Report 456.

Figure 2: Process Safety Event definitions and thresholds (from IOGP Report 456, extract from API RP 754)

Note: “days away from work” injury should be taken to be the same as the IOGP defined Lost Work Day Case (LWDC).

In this Report, 2021 data are published together with 2012-2020 data.

The Process Safety Event (PSE) data presented in this Report are based on the numbers of Tier 1 and Tier 2 PSE reported by participating IOGP Member Companies, broken down for:

onshore and offshore
drilling and production
activities
consequences
material released

The Tier 1 and Tier 2 data presented have been normalized against reported work hours associated with drilling and production activities to provide PSE rates.

Tier 3 and Tier 4 process safety KPIs are not included in this Report as they are primarily intended for use at a company or facility level. Guidance on Tier 3 and Tier 4 indicators is available in IOGP Report 456, Part G.

Definitions

Loss of primary containment (LOPC)

An unplanned or uncontrolled release of any material from primary containment, including nontoxic and non-flammable materials (e.g. steam, hot water, nitrogen, compressed CO2 or compressed air). Note: The duration of the material release is assessed from the beginning of the release to the end of the release, not from the beginning of the release to the containment or mitigation of the release. [From API RP 754]

For well operations, any unplanned or uncontrolled release to the surface (seabed or ground level) should be included. LOPC is a type of event. An unplanned or uncontrolled release is an LOPC irrespective of whether the material is released into the environment, or into secondary containment, or into other primary containment not intended to contain the material released under normal operating conditions.

Process safety [From API RP 754]

A disciplined framework for managing the integrity of hazardous operating systems and processes by applying good design principles, engineering, and operating and maintenance practices. It deals with the prevention and control of events with the potential to release hazardous materials or energy. Such releases can result in toxic effects, fire or explosion, and could ultimately result in serious injuries, property damage, lost production and environmental impact.

Primary containment

A tank, vessel, pipe, truck, rail car, or other equipment designed to keep a material within it, typically for purposes of storage, separation, processing or transfer of gases or liquids. The terms vessel and pipe are taken to include containment of reservoir fluids within the casing and wellhead valving to the surface.

Primary containment also includes closed systems that have a pressure boundary such that there is no exposure of process material to the atmosphere. Where there is a pressure boundary, liquids and vapors are recovered or controlled, and at no time is material directly in contact with the atmosphere. Examples include closed drainage or collection systems, rapid de-inventory systems, double-walled tanks, etc.

Process safety event (PSE) – IOGP reportable

An unplanned or uncontrolled release of any material including non-toxic and non-flammable materials (e.g. steam, hot water, nitrogen, compressed CO2 or compressed air) from a process, or an undesired event or condition, that under slightly different circumstances, could have resulted in a release of material. See IOGP Report 456 - Process safety - Recommended practice on Key Performance Indicators.

Secondary containment [From API RP 754]

An impermeable physical barrier specifically designed to mitigate the impact of materials that have breached primary containment (i.e., an LOPC). Secondary containment systems include, but are not limited to tank dikes, curbing around process equipment, open drainage collection systems, trenches, pits, open sumps, the outer wall of open top double-walled tanks, etc.

A summary of 2012-2021 data can be found in Appendix B.

A glossary of terms related to Process Safety Events can be found in Appendix D.

Data collection

Participating IOGP Member Companies were asked to report the number of offshore and onshore Tier 1 and Tier 2 PSEs for both drilling and production, consequences relating to Tier 1 and Tier 2 PSEs, and additional information about the material released and the operational activities at the time of the release. Note that a single PSE can result in multiple consequences, so the total number of consequences reported will equal or exceed the total number of PSEs.

Information was also requested on fatalities that resulted from PSE, i.e., the number of PSEs that resulted in one or more fatalities, as well as the actual number of fatalities (employees, contractors, or third parties).

Narrative event descriptions

Narrative descriptions of Tier 1 PSE, as well as fatal incidents and high potential events that have been collected as part of the annual safety performance indicators report and that are process safety events or process safety related, are published as IOGP Report 2021pfh - Safety performance indicators – Process safety events – 2021 data – Tier 1 PSE, fatal incident, and high potential event reports . Process safety related events are those where there are significant process safety lessons learned but the criteria for PSE is not met, e.g., equipment not connected to the process. The intention is to enable feedback on lessons learned from events and to help organizations categorize process safety events.

The narrative descriptions of fatal incidents and high potential events are submitted separately to the process safety event data published in this Report, and Tier 1 PSE narratives were not provided for all reported Tier 1 PSE. Therefore, there can be no direct correlation between the narratives and the data published in this Report.

Descriptions and lessons learned for Tier 1 PSE are available at https://data.iogp.org/ProcessSafety/Tier1PSE/. Fatal incidents that are also Tier 1 PSE are available at https://data.iogp.org/ProcessSafety/FatalIncidents/. High potential events that are PSE or PSE related are available at https://data.iogp.org/ProcessSafety/HighPotentialEvents/.

Descriptions and lessons learned for all reported events that had fatal consequences for company or contractor employees are available at https://data.iogp.org/Safety/FatalIncidents/. High potential events are available at https://data.iogp.org/Safety/HighPotentialEvents/.

Normalization

Tier 1 and Tier 2 PSE have been normalized against work hours associated with process safety events using the following formula for the PSE Rate. Refer to IOGP Report 456, Part C, for further information.

Data are only included for normalized results where both work hours and process safety event data are reported for the data set and work function.

Scope of reporting and data validation

The data requested from participating IOGP Member Companies are published in an annual user guide, which contains definitions and the scope of the safety data submission. This document is available from the IOGP public website.

The safety data submission process is used for the collection of data relating to safety performance, process safety performance, and motor vehicle crashes. The IOGP safety database has built-in data validation requirements and each company data submission is validated by the IOGP Secretariat and the work group (Safety Committee, Subcommittee, or Expert Group) responsible for the data set, in accordance with the IOGP data collection and reporting procedure. Any communication with reporting companies is conducted by the IOGP Secretariat and any data validated by an IOGP workgroup is blind coded to preserve the anonymity of the reporting companies.

A self-assessment questionnaire is included within the data submission process to determine the alignment between the requested data and the company submissions. The information provided in this questionnaire is also used in the validation process. Data that appear to be incorrect and that cannot be confirmed by the submitting company as correct may be excluded from the data set at the discretion of the Secretariat.

The scope of data included within this Report is detailed in Appendix A.

Data series

Other IOGP data Reports published annually include:

Aviation Safety Data
Environmental Performance Indicators
Health Performance Indicators
Motor Vehicle Crash Data
Safety Performance Indicators Data

These are available from the IOGP data website at https://data.iogp.org/.

1. 2021 results

1.1 Tier 1 and Tier 2 PSE

The total number of Tier 1 and Tier 2 process safety events reported for 2012-2021 and the normalized rates are shown in Figure 3, Figure 5, and Table 1. The data include onshore and offshore activities related to production and drilling operations.

47 companies contributed PSE data in 2021 (vs. 44 in 2020, 47 in 2019) (see Table 2 and Appendix A). This is in comparison with 50 companies contributing to the safety performance indicators database in 2021 (48 in 2020, 48 in 2019).

It should be noted that participation in the IOGP annual collection of safety and process safety performance data is voluntary, and not all Member Companies participate in each specific data set. In addition to the PSE data presented here, a further 3 Tier 1 PSE with fatal outcomes were reported as part of the safety performance data set (IOGP Reports 2024s and 2024sf). Narrative descriptions for these additional fatal Tier 1 PSE have been included in IOGP Report 2024pfh for the purposes of learning. They are not included in the main data analysis or performance metrics within this report, as the reporting companies did not participate in the specific PSE data collection, but they are included in Sections 1.5 (fatal incident causal factors) and 4.3 (injury as consequence). These events in 2024 include:

1 Tier 1 PSE in Gabon resulting in 6 fatalities
2 Tier 1 PSE in Mexico, one resulting in 1 fatality and one resulting in 3 fatalities

Figure 3:

Figure 4:

The data presented in Figure 5 have been normalized using the company-reported work hours associated with drilling and production operations.

Where companies have not provided work hours for the drilling and production functions specifically, their reported PSEs and overall work hours have been excluded from the normalized analysis shown in Figure 5. See Tables B.1 (Tier 1 data) and B.2 (Tier 2 data).

Figure 5:

Table 1: Number of reported PSE (2012 - 2021)

Year	Number of PSE		Number of PSE for normalized results*		PSE rate (PSE per million work hours)*
Year	Tier 1	Tier 2	Tier 1	Tier 2	Tier 1	Tier 2
2015	254	795	216	700	0.14	0.44
2016	192	715	176	444	0.16	0.44
2017	192	617	187	558	0.13	0.39
2018	256	607	238	555	0.16	0.39
2019	261	795	246	729	0.14	0.42
2020	184	536	173	486	0.12	0.35
2021	193	622	193	614	0.12	0.38
2022	182	563	176	556	0.12	0.37
2023	218	620	217	607	0.11	0.31
2024	188	725	185	638	0.08	0.29

Note: For related work hours for normalized results, see Table 2 (Scope – overall results).
*Excludes PSE where no related drilling or production work hours were reported.
Excludes Tier 1 and 2 PSE as a result of sabotage, see Table 3 for sabotage data.

In 2021, reported PSE represented approximately 97% of the drilling and production work hours in the 2021 IOGP safety database, i.e., out of 1,655 million hours (99% in 2020, 99% in 2019, see Table A.1).

Table 2: Scope – overall results (2012 - 2021)

Year	Number of companies reporting PSE			Number of data sets where PSE data reported		Related work hours (millions)*
Year	Overall	Tier 1	Tier 2	Tier 1	Tier 2	Tier 1	Tier 2
2011	26	26	20	322	270	971	913
2012	32	32	29	428	426	1,197	1,160
2013	39	39	38	378	375	1,326	1,311
2014	44	44	42	571	547	1,639	1,631
2015	44	44	44	589	586	1,522	1,588
2016	39	39	39	487	481	1,096	1,015
2017	43	43	43	507	513	1,450	1,443
2018	42	42	41	548	533	1,495	1,440
2019	47	47	47	508	507	1,712	1,724
2020	44	44	43	346	346	1,406	1,406
2021	47	47	47	363	363	1,604	1,604
2022	47	47	47	365	365	1,509	1,509
2023	52	52	52	355	355	1,939	1,939
2024	48	48	48	321	322	2,234	2,234

*Only includes drilling and production work hours where companies reported these.
Note: PSE Data Set: A set of data with distinct company, country, and location (onshore/offshore) where PSE data have been entered (i.e., not blank).

1.2. Sabotage/wilful damage

Process safety events as a result of sabotage or wilful damage were reported for 2012-2021, but were not included in the PSE totals or normalized rates since they are a specific subset of PSE.

Table 3: Sabotage/wilful damage – number of reported PSE (2012 - 2021)

Year	Number of PSE related to sabotage or wilful damage
Year	Tier 1	Tier 2
2015	52	20
2016	18	4
2017	13	0
2018	14	5
2019	20	3
2020	4	4
2021	14	22
2022	4	3
2023	22	3
2024	6	1

14 Tier 1 PSE related to sabotage or wilful damage were reported in 2021. All 14 occurred onshore. All 14 were associated with production operations and resulted in material release.

None of the sabotage/wilful damage PSE reported to date have involved fatalities.

1.3 Onshore and offshore

The Tier 1 and Tier 2 data presented below represent production and drilling PSEs and associated work hours.

Figure 6:

Note: Incudes all reported PSE. PSE where associated work hours were not reported have been excluded from the normalized results shown in Figure 8.

Figure 7:

Note: Excludes work hours where Tier 1 or Tier 2 PSE are not reported. Not all companies report Tier 1 or Tier 2 PSE for all countries onshore/offshore.

Figure 8:

1.4 Tier 1 PSE causal factors

Allocation of ‘causal factors’ to Tier 1 process safety events was introduced as part of the 2014 data request.

To standardize the response, an IOGP list of causal factors and a glossary was provided to the Member Companies as part of the IOGP User Guide. The causal factors list is divided into two sections:

People (Acts) classifications usually involve either the actions of a person or actions which were required but not carried out or were incorrectly performed. There are four major categories of actions, with an additional level of detail under each of the major categories.
Process (Conditions) classifications usually involve some type of physical hazard or organizational aspect out of the control of the individual. There are five major classification categories, with an additional level of detail under each of the major categories.

Tier 1 PSE that were the result of sabotage or wilful damage are included in the causal factors analysis.

Table 4: Causal factors assigned to Tier 1 PSE (2014 - 2021) (includes sabotage/wilful damage)

Causal factor group	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
PEOPLE (ACTS)	72	66	94	50	59	85	104	55
PROCESS (CONDITIONS)	313	319	370	250	288	280	356	210

The causal factors assigned to Tier 1 PSE are shown below. The highlighted content indicates the top 10 causal factors assigned to Tier 1 PSE in 2021 compared with the previous 7 years.

Table 5: Causal factors assigned to Tier 1 PSE (includes sabotage/wilful damage)

Causal factors assigned to Tier 1 PSE	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Inadequate maintenance/inspection/testing	60	65	58	68	47	54	59	50
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Inadequate design/specification/management of change	42	42	63	27	34	50	54	33
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate hazard identification or risk assessment	47	33	46	22	28	24	46	24
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Inadequate/defective tools/equipment/materials/products	39	48	44	24	63	37	49	21
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate work standards/procedures	30	32	40	22	25	28	42	20
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Deviation unintentional (by individual or group)	23	8	33	11	15	26	18	12
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate training/competence	21	15	23	13	15	10	20	10
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate communication	9	11	15	10	10	11	20	9
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate/defective guards or protective barriers	13	20	14	16	8	16	17	9
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate supervision	17	11	20	10	12	10	10	9
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Storms or acts of nature	3	9	11	3	17	11	4	9
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Improper decision making or lack of judgment	13	16	12	8	11	10	17	8
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate/defective warning systems/safety devices	10	9	17	18	14	20	13	6
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Lack of attention/distracted by other concerns/stress	7	10	7	6	5	13	10	6
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Deviation intentional (by individual or group)	1	3	3	0	3	4	1	5
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Failure to warn of hazard	3	3	9	7	3	5	11	4
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Improper use/position of tools/equipment/materials/products	9	5	5	4	4	6	10	4
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Servicing of energized equipment/inadequate energy isolation	2	4	6	2	1	6	9	3
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Hazardous atmosphere (explosive/toxic/asphyxiant)	3	4	4	9	4	3	4	3
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate security provisions or systems	0	1	2	1	0	2	2	3
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Inadequate use of safety systems	3	3	7	2	5	1	2	3
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate/defective Personal Protective Equipment	2	1	4	0	5	0	1	3
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Improper position (in the line of fire)	2	5	1	4	4	6	6	2
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Equipment or materials not secured	2	3	5	1	2	4	5	2
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Personal Protective Equipment not used or used improperly	3	1	1	2	2	1	1	2
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Disabled or removed guards, warning systems or safety devices	3	4	2	3	2	0	1	2
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Improper lifting or loading	0	0	2	0	2	1	4	1
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Poor leadership/organizational culture	9	6	2	2	1	0	4	1
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Work or motion at improper speed	1	0	0	0	0	0	2	1
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Failure to report/learn from events	4	10	4	3	4	4	10	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Acts of violence	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Overexertion or improper position/posture for task	0	0	0	0	0	1	2	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Fatigue	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Inadequate surfaces, floors, walkways or roads	2	2	2	1	1	0	1	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Congestion, clutter or restricted motion	2	0	1	1	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Use of drugs or alcohol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Causal factors are listed in order of frequency for 2021. The top 10 causal factors assigned to Tier 1 PSE for each year are highlighted.

1.5 Fatal Incident causal factors

Table 6: Causal factors assigned to fatal incidents

Causal factor group	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
PEOPLE (ACTS)	8	12	2	5	1	1	0	8	4	4
PROCESS (CONDITIONS)	21	6	5	7	1	1	0	8	5	13

A full analysis of the causal factors assigned to fatal incidents in 2021 compared with the previous 10 years is shown in Appendix B.

Additional information on the fatal incidents reported by region can be found at https://data.iogp.org/Safety/FatalIncidents/. The information provided includes a narrative description of the incident, the corrective actions and recommendations, and the causal factors assigned by the reporting company.

1.6 High potential event causal factors

Table 7: Causal factors assigned to high potential events

Causal factor group	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
PEOPLE (ACTS)	4	21	3	9	15	9	7	9	5	3
PROCESS (CONDITIONS)	12	45	25	33	33	33	24	20	24	7

The causal factors assigned to high potential events in 2021 compared with the previous 10 years are shown in Appendix B.

Additional information on the high potential events reported by region can be found on the IOGP Data website at https://data.iogp.org/Safety/HighPotentialEvents/ . The information provided includes a narrative description of the event, the corrective actions and recommendations and the causal factors assigned by the reporting company.

1.7 Barriers

The allocation of ‘barriers’ to Tier 1 process safety events was requested for the first time as part of the 2014 data submission.

Table 8: Barriers assigned to Tier 1 PSE

Barriers assigned to Tier 1 PSE	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
TIER 1 PSE: Hardware Barrier Failures	135	156	170	125	143	163	192	153
TIER 1 PSE: Human Barrier Failures	74	75	85	57	71	95	93	50
TIER 1 PSE: Management System Element Barrier Failure	213	180	188	136	142	140	216	113

The barriers assigned to Tier 1 PSE are shown below. The highlighted content indicates the top 10 barriers assigned to Tier 1 PSE in 2021 compared with the previous 7 years.

Table 9: Barriers allocated to Tier 1 PSE

Barrier	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
Hardware Barrier Failures: Process Containment	74	86	102	56	72	82	101	72
Hardware Barrier Failures: Structural Integrity	34	38	35	31	28	52	61	45
Management System Element Barrier Failure: Asset design and integrity	61	64	49	23	44	50	83	39
Human Barrier Failures: Operating in accordance with procedures - PTW, Isolation of equipment, Overrides and inhibits of safety systems, Shift handover, etc.	37	37	39	17	35	43	45	28
Management System Element Barrier Failure: Plans and procedures	39	35	24	22	24	25	29	24
Management System Element Barrier Failure: Risk assessment and control	42	17	39	32	29	27	49	20
Management System Element Barrier Failure: Execution of activities	29	13	22	19	16	10	28	17
Human Barrier Failures: Surveillance, operator rounds and routine inspection	20	26	22	26	25	28	21	12
Hardware Barrier Failures: Ignition Control	0	4	3	6	11	4	11	11
Hardware Barrier Failures: Detection Systems	12	12	11	15	7	13	8	10
Hardware Barrier Failures: Shutdown Systems - including operational well isolation and drilling well control equipment	9	6	9	7	14	9	5	8
Management System Element Barrier Failure: Monitoring, reporting and learning	11	16	12	20	12	6	12	5
Hardware Barrier Failures: Protection Systems - including deluge and fire water systems	4	4	5	7	9	2	4	5
Human Barrier Failures: Acceptance of handover or restart of facilities or equipment	10	5	8	4	4	11	11	3
Management System Element Barrier Failure: Organization, resources and capability	7	9	13	11	7	8	9	3
Human Barrier Failures: Response to process alarm and upset conditions (e.g. outside safe envelope)	7	5	8	6	6	8	5	3
Human Barrier Failures: Response to emergencies	0	1	7	3	0	5	7	2
Human Barrier Failures: Authorization of temporary and mobile equipment	0	1	1	1	1	0	4	2
Hardware Barrier Failures: Emergency Response Equipment and Systems	2	5	5	3	1	1	2	2
Management System Element Barrier Failure: Assurance, review and improvement	4	3	6	1	0	0	1	2
Management System Element Barrier Failure: Policies, standards and objectives	10	21	22	8	7	8	4	1
Management System Element Barrier Failure: Commitment and accountability	8	2	0	0	2	6	1	1
Management System Element Barrier Failure: Stakeholders and customers	2	0	1	0	1	0	0	1
Hardware Barrier Failures: Life-Saving Equipment - including evacuation systems	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0
Unspecified: Unspecified						0	0	0

Barriers are listed in order of frequency for 2021. The top 10 barriers assigned to Tier 1 PSE for each year are highlighted.

2. Results by function

Tier 1 and Tier 2 data presented represent both onshore and offshore combined.

2.1 Drilling

Figure 9:

Note: Incudes all reported PSE. PSE where associated work hours were not reported have been excluded from the normalized results shown in Figure 11.

Figure 10:

Figure 11:

Figure 12:

Note: Incudes all reported PSE. PSE where associated work hours were not reported have been excluded from the normalized results shown in Figure 14.

Figure 13:

Figure 14:

2.2 Production

Figure 15:

Note: Incudes all reported PSE. PSE where associated work hours were not reported have been excluded from the normalized results shown in Figure 17.

Figure 16:

Figure 17:

Figure 18:

Note: Incudes all reported PSE. PSE where associated work hours were not reported have been excluded from the normalized results shown in Figure 20.

Figure 19:

Figure 20:

3. Results by activity

The Tier 1 and Tier 2 data presented in this section represent production operations both onshore and offshore and are broken down by activity, i.e., whether the event occurred during normal operations, start-up or shutdown. Drilling results are not split by activity, since this would not be meaningful.

‘Other’ is the category used when the event could not be classified under any of the other headings (start-up, normal operations or shutdown).

‘Unspecified’ is used for PSE where the activity has not been provided.

3.1 Tier 1

In 2021, 21 of the companies that reported more than one production PSE provided a breakdown by activity for Tier 1 PSE.

Figure 21:

3.2 Tier 2

In 2021, 30 of the companies that reported more than one production PSE provided a breakdown by activity for Tier 2 PSE.

Figure 22:

4. Results by consequence

The Tier 1 and Tier 2 data presented represent both onshore and offshore, and production and drilling, combined.

More than one consequence can be associated with each reported process safety event. The consequence classifications, extracts from Report 456 - Process safety – recommended practice on key performance indicators are listed in Table 10. Refer to Report 456 Part E for further information and threshold tables. Report 456 Part F contains examples that can be used as an aid to the interpretation of the guidance.

The analysis in this Section shows the consequences assigned to Tier 1 and Tier 2 process safety events. A single PSE can result in multiple consequences, so the total number of consequences reported will equal or exceed the total number of PSEs.

Table 10: Consequence classifications (Reference: IOGP Report 456, Part E)

4.1 Tier 1

Information was provided on the consequences of individual events for 99% of Tier 1 PSE reported in 2021.

Figure 23:

Note: Multiple consequences can be assigned for each PSE.

4.2 Tier 2

Information was provided on the consequences of individual events for 99% of Tier 2 PSE reported in 2021.

Figure 24:

Note: Multiple consequences can be assigned for each PSE.

4.3 Injury as consequence

No fatal incidents were reported in 2021.

It should be noted that participation in the IOGP annual collection of safety and process safety performance data is voluntary, and not all Member Companies participate in each specific data set. In addition to the process safety event (PSE) data presented here, a further 3 Tier 1 PSE with fatal outcomes were reported as part of the safety performance data set (IOGP Reports 2024s and 2024sf). Narrative descriptions for these additional Tier 1 fatal PSE have been included in IOGP Report 2024pfh for the purposes of learning. They are not included in the data analysis or performance metrics within this report, as the reporting companies did not participate in the specific PSE data collection, but actual numbers are shown in Figures 26 and 27. Events in 2024 include:

1 Tier 1 PSE in Gabon resulting in 6 fatalities
2 Tier 1 PSE in Mexico, one resulting in 1 fatality and one resulting in 3 fatalities

Figure 25:

Note: Includes all Tier 1 PSE reported in the PSE data set with injury as consequence.

Figure 26:

Figure 27 shows the number of fatalities in each fatal Tier 1 PSE reported. Each column represents one fatal PSE.

Definitions

Tier 1 injury:

Injury to employee or contractor: fatality and/or Lost Workday Case (‘days away from work’ or ‘lost time injury’)
Injury to third party: fatality, or injury/illness that results in a hospital admission

4.4 Fire or explosion as consequence

Figure 28:

* where the consequence was reported.
Note: The Tier 1 threshold for direct cost changed with 2017 data reporting; for 2011 – 2016 data the threshold was $25,000 of direct cost to the Company. The threshold for Tier 2 is unchanged.

Definitions

Tier 1 fire:

A fire or explosion resulting in greater than or equal to $100,000 of direct cost to the Company.

Tier 2 fire:

Tier 2 fire: A fire or explosion resulting in greater than or equal to $2,500 of direct cost to the Company.

Note: The Tier 1 threshold for direct cost changed with 2017 data reporting; for 2011 – 2016 data the threshold was $25,000 of direct cost to the Company. The threshold for Tier 2 was unchanged.
See Report 456.

5. Results by material released

The Tier 1 and Tier 2 data presented represent both onshore and offshore, and production and drilling, combined.

‘Unspecified’ is used for PSE where the type of material released has not been provided.

5.1 Tier 1

In 2021, 17 of the companies that reported one or more Tier 1 PSE provided information on the material released. Information on the material released was provided for 93% of Tier 1 PSE reported in 2021.

Figure 29:

5.2 Tier 2

In 2021, 29 of the companies that reported one or more Tier 2 PSE provided information on the material released. Information on the material released was provided for 93% of Tier 2 PSE reported in 2021.

Figure 30:

6. Results by Process Safety Fundamental

The IOGP Process Safety Fundamentals (PSFs) have been developed to support companies as they seek to reduce, and ultimately eliminate, fatal and high severity process safety events.

Designed to support those working in front-line operations, maintenance, and on wells teams, the IOGP Process Safety Fundamentals are informed by data and designed to draw attention to situations that are most likely to lead to process safety event fatalities. They are therefore not intended to exhaustively address all process safety risks and hazards in the oil and gas industry, but to be deployed in addition to a company’s underlying systems for process safety management.

For more information see IOGP Report 638, Process Safety Fundamentals.

6.1 Tier 1

Allocation of PSF to Tier 1 process safety events was introduced as part of the 2021 data request. During the IOGP validation process, a number of these were reassigned for consistency. The reported PSF represents the primary PSF associated with the PSE since more than one may have applied.

In 2021, 65% of the reported Tier 1 PSE were assigned a Process Safety Fundamental.

Note that PSE associated with mechanical integrity are not typically assigned a Process Safety Fundamental.

Figure 31:

7. Results by region

All data submissions are reported by country and are summarized by region. The Tier 1 and Tier 2 data presented represent both onshore and offshore, and production and overall, combined.

Figure 32: The seven geographic regions

Figure 33:

Note: Incudes all reported PSE. PSE where associated work hours were not reported have been excluded from the normalized results shown in Figure 34.

Figure 34:

Note: Incudes all reported PSE. PSE where associated work hours were not reported have been excluded from the normalized results shown in Figure 36.

The normalized data presented only include PSE where drilling or production work hours were reported for the data set in the main safety database, hence some PSE have been excluded. See Tables B.31 – B.40 (Number of PSE used in normalized analysis – by region and function).

Figure 35:

Figure 36:

Figure 37:

Figure 38:

Figure 39:

7.1 Drilling

Figure 40:

Figure 41:

Figure 42:

Figure 43:

Figure 44:

Figure 45:

Note: Drilling PSE Rate excludes PSE where no related drilling work hours were reported.
See Tables B.31 – B.40 (Number of PSE used in normalized analysis – by region and function).

7.2 Production

Figure 46:

Figure 47:

Figure 48:

Figure 49:

Figure 50:

Figure 51:

Note: Production PSE Rate excludes PSE where no related production work hours were reported.
See Tables B.31 – B.40 (Number of PSE used in normalized analysis – by region and function).

8. Company results

Tier 1 and Tier 2 PSE rates are shown by company in rank order of Tier 1 PSE performance. Company names have been replaced with a 2-letter code. A new code is assigned every year.

Data are excluded from PSE rate calculations where either drilling or production work hours are not reported for the data set.

‘Overall’ refers to the rate for all companies.

Figure 52:

Figure 53:

Figure 54:

Appendix A - Database dimensions

The PSE data collected by IOGP are based on the numbers of Tier 1 and Tier 2 PSE reported by companies, separately for drilling and production activities, and subdivided into offshore and onshore data.

PSE relating to sabotage or wilful damage are excluded from the results presented in Sections 1–7, but are reported separately in Section 1.2.

The entire IOGP safety performance database, which is used to produce the annual Safety performance indicators report (IOGP Report 2021s), contains work hours which are split into offshore and onshore work hours and five work function categories (defined in the glossary of terms in IOGP Report 2021s - Safety performance indicators - 2021 data as work functions):

exploration
drilling
production
construction
unspecified

For the purposes of the process safety event database, the only applicable functional categories from the entire IOGP safety performance database are drilling and production, onshore and offshore. The work hours associated with PSEs reported in 2012-2021 for drilling and production, onshore and offshore, are shown in Table A.1, below.

Table A.1: Database

	Number of companies reporting PSE			Data sets where PSE data reported		Related work hours (millions)
Year	Overall	Tier 1	Tier 2	Tier 1	Tier 2	Tier 1	Tier 2
2011	26	26	20	322	270	971	913
2012	32	32	29	428	426	1,197	1,160
2013	39	39	38	378	375	1,326	1,311
2014	44	44	42	571	547	1,639	1,631
2015	44	44	44	589	586	1,522	1,588
2016	39	39	39	487	481	1,096	1,015
2017	43	43	43	507	513	1,450	1,443
2018	42	42	41	548	533	1,495	1,440
2019	47	47	47	508	507	1,712	1,724
2020	44	44	43	346	346	1,406	1,406
2021	47	47	47	363	363	1,604	1,604
2022	47	47	47	365	365	1,509	1,509
2023	52	52	52	355	355	1,939	1,939
2024	48	48	48	321	322	2,234	2,234

PSE Data Set: A set of data with distinct company, country, and location (onshore/offshore) where PSE data have been entered (i.e., not blank).

Table A.2: Work hours related to datasets where either Tier 1 or Tier 2 PSE were reported

ONSHORE	Work hours in PSE reporting database (‘000s)
Year	Drilling	Production	Total
2015	308,974	764,793	1,073,767
2016	176,569	538,959	715,528
2017	213,760	753,564	967,324
2018	197,136	839,533	1,036,669
2019	239,913	926,493	1,166,406
2020	179,284	746,991	926,275
2021	195,393	880,279	1,075,672
2022	152,980	772,140	925,120
2023	292,694	957,336	1,250,030
2024	375,812	1,154,223	1,530,035

OFFSHORE	Work hours in PSE reporting database (‘000s)
Year	Drilling	Production	Total
2015	194,746	402,807	597,553
2016	127,434	253,391	380,825
2017	127,431	354,782	482,213
2018	120,748	337,548	458,296
2019	150,527	410,892	561,419
2020	127,912	352,271	480,183
2021	130,567	397,290	527,857
2022	141,909	442,247	584,156
2023	194,382	494,415	688,797
2024	226,679	477,432	704,111

OVERALL	Work hours in PSE reporting database (‘000s)
Year	Drilling	Production	Total
2015	503,720	1,167,600	1,671,320
2016	304,003	792,350	1,096,353
2017	341,191	1,108,346	1,449,537
2018	317,884	1,177,081	1,494,965
2019	390,440	1,337,385	1,727,825
2020	307,196	1,099,262	1,406,458
2021	325,960	1,277,569	1,603,529
2022	294,889	1,214,387	1,509,276
2023	487,076	1,451,751	1,938,827
2024	602,491	1,631,655	2,234,146

The work hours associated with the PSE data reported have been calculated as a subset of the drilling and production function work hours from the safety performance database (see IOGP Report 2021s - Safety performance indicators – 2021 data) which have been reported for 2012-2021. Work hours have been used as a reference to provide an indication of scope for the PSE data presented throughout this Report.

Work hours have been included where the company has reported associated Tier 1 or Tier 2 PSE (PSE values of zero or greater), for the country and onshore/offshore location (data set). Work hours are excluded for data sets where Tier 1 or Tier 2 PSE figures are not available. The associated work hours differ between Tier 1 and Tier 2 because, although all companies reported both Tier 1 and Tier 2 PSE data, not all companies reported PSE data for all of their global operations.

Some companies that reported PSE data do not split work hours by work function. The reported PSEs and work hours associated with these companies have therefore been excluded from the normalized analysis. Table A.3 shows the number of data sets reported that include Tier 1 or Tier 2 data as well as related drilling or production work hours.

Table A.3: Number of data sets

		Tier 1 PSE data sets				Tier 2 PSE data sets
Year	Total PSE data sets	Tier 1 Total	By activity	By material	By consequence	Tier 2 Total	By activity	By material	By consequence
2015	594	589	57	58	62	586	113	113	117
2016	491	487	52	51	61	481	88	88	91
2017	517	507	63	63	70	513	100	99	103
2018	548	548	50	51	59	533	87	87	87
2019	510	508	50	55	63	507	88	90	107
2020	347	346	54	48	55	346	100	96	101
2021	363	363	53	46	53	363	91	86	91
2022	365	365	47	45	47	365	72	70	72
2023	355	355	53	51	53	355	77	76	77
2024	322	321	46	47	45	322	84	84	82

Note: a correction was made to the number of data sets reported in 2019 compared with previously published figures.
Excludes data sets where related drilling or production work hours were not reported.

Appendix B - Data tables

The following data are presented in relation to the sections where they were used.

Section 1 Overall results

Table B.1: Summary of data - Tier 1

Year	Location	Work hours (thousands)	Number of Tier 1 PSE for normalized results*	Number of Tier 1 PSE	Tier 1 PSE rate	Employee / Contractor fatalities (number of deaths)	3rd party fatalities (number of deaths)	Fatality or LWDC as consequence (number of PSE)	3rd party hospitalization or fatality as consequence (number of Tier 1 PSE)
2015	Onshore	959,741	183	220	0.19	10	0	17	0
2015	Offshore	562,681	33	34	0.06	7	0	6	0
2015	OVERALL	1,522,422	216	254	0.14	17	0	23	0
2016	Onshore	715,528	140	155	0.20	6	0	16	1
2016	Offshore	380,825	36	37	0.09	0	0	1	0
2016	OVERALL	1,096,353	176	192	0.16	6	0	17	1
2017	Onshore	967,324	139	143	0.14	1	0	10	0
2017	Offshore	482,213	48	49	0.10	4	0	6	0
2017	OVERALL	1,449,537	187	192	0.13	5	0	16	0
2018	Onshore	1,036,669	208	226	0.20	4	0	9	0
2018	Offshore	458,296	30	30	0.07	0	1	0	1
2018	OVERALL	1,494,965	238	256	0.16	4	1	9	1
2019	Onshore	1,151,997	209	224	0.18	1	0	7	1
2019	Offshore	560,004	37	37	0.07	0	0	3	0
2019	OVERALL	1,712,001	246	261	0.14	1	0	10	1
2020	Onshore	926,275	147	158	0.16	3	0	9	3
2020	Offshore	480,183	26	26	0.05	0	0	2	0
2020	OVERALL	1,406,458	173	184	0.12	3	0	11	3
2021	Onshore	1,075,672	172	172	0.16	0	0	10	1
2021	Offshore	527,857	21	21	0.04	0	0	3	0
2021	OVERALL	1,603,529	193	193	0.12	0	0	13	1
2022	Onshore	925,120	142	148	0.15	3	0	11	0
2022	Offshore	584,156	34	34	0.06	1	0	5	0
2022	OVERALL	1,509,276	176	182	0.12	4	0	16	0
2023	Onshore	1,250,030	170	171	0.14	5	0	18	0
2023	Offshore	688,797	47	47	0.07	0	0	9	0
2023	OVERALL	1,938,827	217	218	0.11	5	0	27	0
2024	Onshore	1,530,035	154	157	0.10	0	0	9	0
2024	Offshore	704,111	31	31	0.04	3	0	6	0
2024	OVERALL	2,234,146	185	188	0.08	3	0	15	0

* Excludes PSE where no related drilling or production work hours were reported.

Table B.2: Summary of data - Tier 2

Year	Onshore / offshore	Work hours (thousands)	Number of Tier 2 PSE for normalized results*	Number of Tier 2 PSE	Tier 2 PSE rate	Recordable injury as consequence fatalities (number Tier 2 PSE)
2015	Onshore	1,057,082	540	630	0.51	12
2015	Offshore	530,627	160	165	0.30	2
2015	OVERALL	1,587,709	700	795	0.44	14
2016	Onshore	698,509	327	440	0.47	7
2016	Offshore	316,095	117	275	0.37	1
2016	OVERALL	1,014,604	444	715	0.44	8
2017	Onshore	963,467	376	434	0.39	4
2017	Offshore	479,994	182	183	0.38	2
2017	OVERALL	1,443,461	558	617	0.39	6
2018	Onshore	991,925	401	446	0.40	7
2018	Offshore	447,719	154	161	0.34	2
2018	OVERALL	1,439,644	555	607	0.39	9
2019	Onshore	1,165,376	601	664	0.52	4
2019	Offshore	558,639	128	131	0.23	4
2019	OVERALL	1,724,015	729	795	0.42	8
2020	Onshore	926,275	370	416	0.40	1
2020	Offshore	480,183	116	120	0.24	1
2020	OVERALL	1,406,458	486	536	0.35	2
2021	Onshore	1,075,672	521	529	0.48	7
2021	Offshore	527,857	93	93	0.18	4
2021	OVERALL	1,603,529	614	622	0.38	11
2022	Onshore	925,120	478	485	0.52	7
2022	Offshore	584,156	78	78	0.13	6
2022	OVERALL	1,509,276	556	563	0.37	13
2023	Onshore	1,250,030	517	530	0.41	7
2023	Offshore	688,797	90	90	0.13	1
2023	OVERALL	1,938,827	607	620	0.31	8
2024	Onshore	1,530,035	523	610	0.34	5
2024	Offshore	704,111	115	115	0.16	2
2024	OVERALL	2,234,146	638	725	0.29	7

* Excludes PSE where no related drilling or production work hours were reported.

Table B.3: Number of PSE and PSE Rate onshore and offshore

Year	Onshore/offshore	Number of PSE		Number of PSE for normalized results*		PSE rate (PSE per million work hours)*
Year	Onshore/offshore	Tier 1	Tier 2	Tier 1	Tier 2	Tier 1	Tier 2
2015	Onshore	220	630	183	540	0.19	0.51
2015	Offshore	34	165	33	160	0.06	0.30
2016	Onshore	155	440	140	327	0.20	0.47
2016	Offshore	37	275	36	117	0.09	0.37
2017	Onshore	143	434	139	376	0.14	0.39
2017	Offshore	49	183	48	182	0.10	0.38
2018	Onshore	226	446	208	401	0.20	0.40
2018	Offshore	30	161	30	154	0.07	0.34
2019	Onshore	224	664	209	601	0.18	0.52
2019	Offshore	37	131	37	128	0.07	0.23
2020	Onshore	158	416	147	370	0.16	0.40
2020	Offshore	26	120	26	116	0.05	0.24
2021	Onshore	172	529	172	521	0.16	0.48
2021	Offshore	21	93	21	93	0.04	0.18
2022	Onshore	148	485	142	478	0.15	0.52
2022	Offshore	34	78	34	78	0.06	0.13
2023	Onshore	171	530	170	517	0.14	0.41
2023	Offshore	47	90	47	90	0.07	0.13
2024	Onshore	157	610	154	523	0.10	0.34
2024	Offshore	31	115	31	115	0.04	0.16

* Excludes PSE where work hours were not categorized as drilling or production (i.e., work hours were not specified by function).
For related work hours for normalized results, see Table B.4 (Scope – onshore and offshore).

Table B.4: Scope - onshore and offshore

Year	Onshore/offshore	Number of companies reporting PSE		Number of data sets where PSE data reported		Related work hours (millions)*		Work hours for PSE data as percentage of total IOGP safety*
Year	Onshore/offshore	Tier 1	Tier 2	Tier 1	Tier 2	Tier 1	Tier 2	Tier 1	Tier 2
2015	Onshore	43	44	431	430	960	1,057	80	88
2015	Offshore	42	41	158	156	563	531	85	80
2016	Onshore	39	39	360	353	716	699	81	79
2016	Offshore	37	38	127	128	381	316	67	56
2017	Onshore	43	43	350	357	967	963	92	92
2017	Offshore	41	40	157	156	482	480	86	86
2018	Onshore	42	41	374	365	1,037	992	92	88
2018	Offshore	41	38	174	168	458	448	86	84
2019	Onshore	47	47	359	358	1,152	1,165	98	99
2019	Offshore	44	44	149	149	560	559	99	99
2020	Onshore	40	39	217	216	926	926	98	98
2020	Offshore	34	34	129	130	480	480	100	100
2021	Onshore	44	44	227	227	1,076	1,076	96	96
2021	Offshore	36	36	136	136	528	528	100	100
2022	Onshore	45	45	220	220	925	925	93	93
2022	Offshore	39	39	145	145	584	584	98	98
2023	Onshore	49	49	218	218	1,250	1,250	96	96
2023	Offshore	41	41	137	137	689	689	100	100
2024	Onshore	44	44	199	200	1,530	1,530	91	91
2024	Offshore	37	37	122	122	704	704	79	79

* Work hours for PSE data as percentage of total drilling + production work hours in entire IOGP safety database (complete reporting of PSE data would return 100%).
Note: Not all of the companies that submitted drilling and production work hours within the IOGP safety performance database submitted process safety event data. A number less than 100% in the table above indicates that process safety events are not reported for all drilling and production work hours in the entire safety database.
PSE Data Set: A set of data with distinct company, country and location (onshore/offshore) where PSE data have been entered (i.e., not blank).

Table B.5: Causal factors assigned to Tier 1 PSE – onshore

Causal factors assigned to Tier 1 PSE – onshore	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Inadequate maintenance/inspection/testing	41	52	46	58	41	42	41	40
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Inadequate design/specification/management of change	29	30	49	21	24	37	42	25
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Inadequate/defective tools/equipment/materials/products	23	42	33	20	56	32	34	20
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate hazard identification or risk assessment	28	19	31	18	22	15	29	18
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate work standards/procedures	17	23	31	18	21	19	26	15
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Deviation unintentional (by individual or group)	12	4	23	9	12	13	15	9
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Storms or acts of nature	1	9	11	3	16	11	4	9
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate training/competence	11	10	12	10	11	8	10	8
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate communication	7	9	13	6	7	5	18	7
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate supervision	10	8	13	7	10	8	6	7
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate/defective guards or protective barriers	8	15	8	10	8	14	10	5
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Lack of attention/distracted by other concerns/stress	4	6	5	5	1	8	9	5
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Improper decision making or lack of judgment	6	11	11	8	9	8	12	4
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate/defective warning systems/safety devices	5	6	10	14	11	15	10	4
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Failure to warn of hazard	2	3	7	7	2	4	9	4
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Improper use/position of tools/equipment/materials/products	5	4	4	3	3	5	10	3
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Inadequate use of safety systems	2	3	5	1	4	1	2	3
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate security provisions or systems	0	1	0	0	0	0	2	3
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Deviation intentional (by individual or group)	1	2	3	0	3	3	1	3
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate/defective Personal Protective Equipment	0	1	3	0	3	0	1	3
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Improper position (in the line of fire)	1	5	0	3	4	3	4	2
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Equipment or materials not secured	2	3	4	1	2	3	4	2
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Hazardous atmosphere (explosive/toxic/asphyxiant)	3	4	4	7	3	3	3	2
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Personal Protective Equipment not used or used improperly	1	1	1	1	2	0	1	2
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Servicing of energized equipment/inadequate energy isolation	1	3	4	2	0	4	6	1
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Improper lifting or loading	0	0	2	0	2	1	4	1
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Poor leadership/organizational culture	3	4	1	0	1	0	3	1
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Work or motion at improper speed	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Disabled or removed guards, warning systems or safety devices	2	3	2	3	1	0	0	1
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Acts of violence	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Failure to report/learn from events	2	6	4	1	2	1	2	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Overexertion or improper position/posture for task	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Inadequate surfaces, floors, walkways or roads	1	2	2	1	1	0	1	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Congestion, clutter or restricted motion	2	0	0	1	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Fatigue	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Use of drugs or alcohol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Table B.6: Causal factors assigned to Tier 1 PSE – offshore

Causal factors assigned to Tier 1 PSE – offshore	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Inadequate maintenance/inspection/testing	19	13	12	10	6	12	18	10
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Inadequate design/specification/management of change	13	12	14	6	10	13	12	8
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate hazard identification or risk assessment	19	14	15	4	6	9	17	6
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate work standards/procedures	13	9	9	4	4	9	16	5
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate/defective guards or protective barriers	5	5	6	6	0	2	7	4
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Improper decision making or lack of judgment	7	5	1	0	2	2	5	4
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Deviation unintentional (by individual or group)	11	4	10	2	3	13	3	3
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate training/competence	10	5	11	3	4	2	10	2
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate supervision	7	3	7	3	2	2	4	2
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate/defective warning systems/safety devices	5	3	7	4	3	5	3	2
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Servicing of energized equipment/inadequate energy isolation	1	1	2	0	1	2	3	2
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate communication	2	2	2	4	3	6	2	2
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Deviation intentional (by individual or group)	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	2
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Inadequate/defective tools/equipment/materials/products	16	6	11	4	7	5	15	1
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Lack of attention/distracted by other concerns/stress	3	4	2	1	4	5	1	1
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Hazardous atmosphere (explosive/toxic/asphyxiant)	0	0	0	2	1	0	1	1
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Disabled or removed guards, warning systems or safety devices	1	1	0	0	1	0	1	1
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Improper use/position of tools/equipment/materials/products	4	1	1	1	1	1	0	1
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Failure to report/learn from events	2	4	0	2	2	3	8	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Improper position (in the line of fire)	1	0	1	1	0	3	2	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Failure to warn of hazard	1	0	2	0	1	1	2	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Equipment or materials not secured	0	0	1	0	0	1	1	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Fatigue	0	1	0	0	0	1	1	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Poor leadership/organizational culture	6	2	1	2	0	0	1	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Work or motion at improper speed	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Overexertion or improper position/posture for task	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate security provisions or systems	0	0	2	1	0	2	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Personal Protective Equipment not used or used improperly	2	0	0	1	0	1	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate/defective Personal Protective Equipment	2	0	1	0	2	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Inadequate use of safety systems	1	0	2	1	1	0	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Storms or acts of nature	2	0	0	0	1	0	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Congestion, clutter or restricted motion	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Inadequate surfaces, floors, walkways or roads	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Acts of violence	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Use of drugs or alcohol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Improper lifting or loading	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Table B.7: Causal factors assigned to Tier 1 PSE – drilling and completion operations

Causal factors assigned to Tier 1 PSE – drilling and completion operations	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Inadequate design/specification/management of change	2	5	3	0	0	4	3	2
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate/defective guards or protective barriers	2	1	1	1	0	0	1	2
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Hazardous atmosphere (explosive/toxic/asphyxiant)	0	2	1	0	0	0	1	2
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate work standards/procedures	6	5	3	1	2	1	4	1
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate supervision	1	2	0	0	1	0	1	1
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Lack of attention/distracted by other concerns/stress	1	2	0	0	0	2	0	1
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Inadequate use of safety systems	2	0	1	0	1	0	0	1
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate hazard identification or risk assessment	3	6	6	2	1	2	5	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Improper decision making or lack of judgment	3	4	1	0	2	2	4	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate communication	1	0	1	0	0	0	3	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Improper use/position of tools/equipment/materials/products	0	1	0	1	1	0	2	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Inadequate maintenance/inspection/testing	2	2	4	1	0	4	1	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Inadequate/defective tools/equipment/materials/products	5	3	0	1	2	1	1	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate training/competence	0	3	2	0	1	1	1	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Equipment or materials not secured	0	1	1	0	1	0	1	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Failure to report/learn from events	0	1	0	0	1	0	1	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Servicing of energized equipment/inadequate energy isolation	0	1	2	0	0	0	1	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Improper lifting or loading	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Improper position (in the line of fire)	0	4	0	2	0	1	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Deviation unintentional (by individual or group)	2	0	4	1	0	1	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Deviation intentional (by individual or group)	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Personal Protective Equipment not used or used improperly	2	0	0	0	1	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Failure to warn of hazard	1	0	2	1	0	0	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate/defective warning systems/safety devices	2	2	1	1	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Disabled or removed guards, warning systems or safety devices	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Inadequate surfaces, floors, walkways or roads	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate/defective Personal Protective Equipment	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Congestion, clutter or restricted motion	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Poor leadership/organizational culture	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Storms or acts of nature	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate security provisions or systems	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Acts of violence	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Use of drugs or alcohol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Fatigue	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Overexertion or improper position/posture for task	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Work or motion at improper speed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Table B.8: Causal factors assigned to Tier 1 PSE – production

Causal factors assigned to Tier 1 PSE – production	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Inadequate maintenance/inspection/testing	58	63	54	67	47	50	57	50
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Inadequate design/specification/management of change	40	37	60	27	34	46	51	31
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate hazard identification or risk assessment	44	27	40	20	27	22	41	24
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Inadequate/defective tools/equipment/materials/products	34	45	44	23	61	36	48	21
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate work standards/procedures	24	27	37	21	23	27	38	19
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Deviation unintentional (by individual or group)	21	8	29	10	15	25	18	12
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate training/competence	21	12	21	13	14	9	19	10
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate communication	8	11	14	10	10	11	17	9
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Storms or acts of nature	3	9	11	3	17	11	4	9
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Improper decision making or lack of judgment	10	12	11	8	9	8	13	8
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate supervision	16	9	20	10	11	10	9	8
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate/defective guards or protective barriers	11	19	13	15	8	16	16	7
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate/defective warning systems/safety devices	8	7	16	17	14	20	13	6
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Lack of attention/distracted by other concerns/stress	6	8	7	6	5	11	10	5
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Deviation intentional (by individual or group)	1	3	3	0	3	3	1	5
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Failure to warn of hazard	2	3	7	6	3	5	11	4
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Improper use/position of tools/equipment/materials/products	9	4	5	3	3	6	8	4
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Servicing of energized equipment/inadequate energy isolation	2	3	4	2	1	6	8	3
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate security provisions or systems	0	1	2	1	0	2	2	3
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate/defective Personal Protective Equipment	1	1	3	0	5	0	1	3
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Improper position (in the line of fire)	2	1	1	2	4	5	6	2
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Equipment or materials not secured	2	2	4	1	1	4	4	2
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Inadequate use of safety systems	1	3	6	2	4	1	2	2
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Personal Protective Equipment not used or used improperly	1	1	1	2	1	1	1	2
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Disabled or removed guards, warning systems or safety devices	2	4	2	2	2	0	1	2
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Poor leadership/organizational culture	8	5	2	2	1	0	4	1
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Hazardous atmosphere (explosive/toxic/asphyxiant)	3	2	3	9	4	3	3	1
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Improper lifting or loading	0	0	1	0	2	1	3	1
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Work or motion at improper speed	1	0	0	0	0	0	2	1
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Failure to report/learn from events	4	9	4	3	3	4	9	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Acts of violence	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Overexertion or improper position/posture for task	0	0	0	0	0	1	2	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Fatigue	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Inadequate surfaces, floors, walkways or roads	2	1	1	1	1	0	1	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Congestion, clutter or restricted motion	2	0	0	1	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Use of drugs or alcohol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Table B.9: Causal factors assigned to fatal incidents

Causal factors assigned to fatal incidents	2014	2015	2016	2017	2019	2020	2021
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate hazard identification or risk assessment	0	2	1	1	2	1	3
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Hazardous atmosphere (explosive/toxic/asphyxiant)	0	0	0	0	1	1	2
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate supervision	1	1	0	0	1	1	1
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate training/competence	0	1	0	0	1	1	1
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Improper decision making or lack of judgment	1	1	0	0	1	0	1
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Deviation unintentional (by individual or group)	0	1	0	0	1	0	1
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Inadequate maintenance/inspection/testing	1	0	0	0	1	0	1
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate work standards/procedures	1	0	0	0	1	0	1
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate communication	0	0	0	0	1	0	1
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Failure to warn of hazard	0	1	0	0	0	0	1
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Inadequate design/specification/management of change	0	1	0	0	0	0	1
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Inadequate/defective tools/equipment/materials/products	1	0	0	0	0	0	1
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate/defective warning systems/safety devices	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Improper use/position of tools/equipment/materials/products	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Improper position (in the line of fire)	0	1	0	1	3	2	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Servicing of energized equipment/inadequate energy isolation	0	1	0	0	1	1	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Personal Protective Equipment not used or used improperly	0	0	0	0	1	1	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Inadequate surfaces, floors, walkways or roads	0	0	0	0	0	1	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Deviation intentional (by individual or group)	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Equipment or materials not secured	0	0	1	0	0	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Storms or acts of nature	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Failure to report/learn from events	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Inadequate use of safety systems	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate/defective guards or protective barriers	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Disabled or removed guards, warning systems or safety devices	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Fatigue	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate/defective Personal Protective Equipment	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate security provisions or systems	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Lack of attention/distracted by other concerns/stress	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Acts of violence	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Use of drugs or alcohol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Overexertion or improper position/posture for task	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Work or motion at improper speed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Improper lifting or loading	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Congestion, clutter or restricted motion	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Poor leadership/organizational culture	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Note: Includes Tier 1 PSE reported as fatal incidents in the safety performance database by companies that did not participate in the process safety event data collection.

Table B.10: Causal factors assigned to high potential events

Causal factors assigned to high potential events	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate hazard identification or risk assessment	5	2	4	3	2	5	4	2
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate work standards/procedures	2	4	4	4	4	5	3	2
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Hazardous atmosphere (explosive/toxic/asphyxiant)	1	2	1	2	0	0	1	2
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Inadequate design/specification/management of change	2	4	4	4	4	2	6	1
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Improper decision making or lack of judgment	1	1	4	3	1	1	1	1
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Improper position (in the line of fire)	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Disabled or removed guards, warning systems or safety devices	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Inadequate maintenance/inspection/testing	5	6	3	4	2	1	4	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate training/competence	2	4	3	3	2	2	2	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate communication	2	2	3	5	0	1	2	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Deviation unintentional (by individual or group)	1	1	2	0	0	1	2	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Servicing of energized equipment/inadequate energy isolation	0	1	3	0	0	0	2	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Inadequate/defective tools/equipment/materials/products	1	3	2	2	1	3	1	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Failure to report/learn from events	0	1	0	1	2	0	1	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Inadequate use of safety systems	0	2	0	2	0	2	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Equipment or materials not secured	0	0	2	0	0	2	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Tools, Equipment, Materials and Products : Improper use/position of tools/equipment/materials/products	0	1	0	1	3	1	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate/defective guards or protective barriers	2	1	1	0	2	1	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Failure to warn of hazard	0	1	1	2	1	1	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Lack of attention/distracted by other concerns/stress	1	1	0	0	0	1	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate/defective warning systems/safety devices	2	2	2	3	2	0	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Inadequate supervision	1	0	4	2	2	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Deviation intentional (by individual or group)	0	0	2	0	2	0	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate/defective Personal Protective Equipment	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Overexertion or improper position/posture for task	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Use of Protective Methods : Personal Protective Equipment not used or used improperly	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Congestion, clutter or restricted motion	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Organizational : Poor leadership/organizational culture	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Protective Systems : Inadequate security provisions or systems	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Storms or acts of nature	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PROCESS (CONDITIONS) : Work Place Hazards : Inadequate surfaces, floors, walkways or roads	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Work or motion at improper speed	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Following Procedures : Improper lifting or loading	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Acts of violence	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Use of drugs or alcohol	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
PEOPLE (ACTS) : Inattention/Lack of Awareness : Fatigue	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Note: In 2017, Member Companies were asked to submit additional high potential events for 2010-2016. In 2018, some changes were made to causal factors assigned to 2017 high potential events. Therefore, the figures in the table above are different to those previously published.

Section 2 Results by function

Table B.11: Total number of PSE and PSE Rate – drilling

Year	Location	Number of drilling PSE		Number of drilling PSE for normalized results*		PSE rate (PSE per million work hours)* - drilling
Year	Location	Tier 1	Tier 2	Tier 1	Tier 2	Tier 1	Tier 2
2015	Onshore	9	23	7	21	0.03	0.07
2015	Offshore	3	24	3	22	0.02	0.13
2015	OVERALL	12	47	10	43	0.02	0.09
2016	Onshore	7	15	7	13	0.04	0.08
2016	Offshore	3	19	3	17	0.02	0.16
2016	OVERALL	10	34	10	30	0.03	0.11
2017	Onshore	8	20	8	20	0.04	0.09
2017	Offshore	8	31	8	30	0.06	0.24
2017	OVERALL	16	51	16	50	0.05	0.15
2018	Onshore	11	22	9	21	0.05	0.11
2018	Offshore	2	16	2	15	0.02	0.13
2018	OVERALL	13	38	11	36	0.03	0.12
2019	Onshore	9	30	8	29	0.03	0.12
2019	Offshore	1	12	1	12	0.01	0.08
2019	OVERALL	10	42	9	41	0.02	0.11
2020	Onshore	6	18	5	10	0.03	0.06
2020	Offshore	1	14	1	11	0.01	0.09
2020	OVERALL	7	32	6	21	0.02	0.07
2021	Onshore	6	31	6	31	0.03	0.16
2021	Offshore	0	6	0	6	0.00	0.05
2021	OVERALL	6	37	6	37	0.02	0.11
2022	Onshore	9	16	3	9	0.02	0.06
2022	Offshore	2	5	2	5	0.01	0.04
2022	OVERALL	11	21	5	14	0.02	0.05
2023	Onshore	11	33	10	20	0.03	0.07
2023	Offshore	3	9	3	9	0.02	0.05
2023	OVERALL	14	42	13	29	0.03	0.06
2024	Onshore	4	12	4	12	0.01	0.03
2024	Offshore	2	7	2	7	0.01	0.03
2024	OVERALL	6	19	6	19	0.01	0.03

* Excludes PSE where related drilling work hours were not reported.
For related work hours for normalized results, see Scope table below.

Table B.12: Scope – drilling

Year	Location	Companies reporting PSE data – drilling		Related work hours (millions)* – drilling		Data sets – drilling
Year	Location	Tier 1	Tier 2	Tier 1	Tier 2	Tier 1	Tier 2
2015	Onshore	42	43	258	301	406	406
2015	Offshore	40	41	160	174	155	153
2015	OVERALL	42	43	418	476	561	559
2016	Onshore	38	38	177	172	328	321
2016	Offshore	36	38	127	109	123	122
2016	OVERALL	39	39	304	281	451	443
2017	Onshore	41	40	214	212	335	346
2017	Offshore	39	38	127	127	150	149
2017	OVERALL	41	40	341	339	485	495
2018	Onshore	41	39	197	193	367	359
2018	Offshore	40	38	121	116	168	161
2018	OVERALL	41	39	318	309	535	520
2019	Onshore	46	46	229	240	327	323
2019	Offshore	44	44	149	148	143	143
2019	OVERALL	46	46	378	387	470	466
2020	Onshore	33	33	179	179	154	154
2020	Offshore	29	29	128	128	102	103
2020	OVERALL	38	38	307	307	256	257
2021	Onshore	30	30	195	195	150	150
2021	Offshore	26	26	131	131	98	98
2021	OVERALL	37	37	326	326	248	248
2022	Onshore	32	32	153	153	141	141
2022	Offshore	29	29	142	142	105	105
2022	OVERALL	36	36	295	295	246	246
2023	Onshore	37	37	293	293	134	134
2023	Offshore	31	31	194	194	104	105
2023	OVERALL	43	43	487	487	238	239
2024	Onshore	35	35	376	376	131	131
2024	Offshore	32	32	227	227	96	95
2024	OVERALL	41	41	602	602	227	226

* Related work hours have not been provided for all reported PSE.

Table B.13: Total number of PSE and PSE Rate – production

Year	Location	Number of production PSE		Number of production PSE for normalized results*		PSE rate (PSE per million work hours)* - production
Year	Location	Tier 1	Tier 2	Tier 1	Tier 2	Tier 1	Tier 2
2015	Onshore	211	607	176	519	0.25	0.69
2015	Offshore	31	141	30	138	0.07	0.39
2015	OVERALL	242	748	206	657	0.19	0.59
2016	Onshore	148	425	133	314	0.25	0.60
2016	Offshore	34	256	33	100	0.13	0.48
2016	OVERALL	182	681	166	414	0.21	0.56
2017	Onshore	135	414	131	356	0.17	0.47
2017	Offshore	41	152	40	152	0.11	0.43
2017	OVERALL	176	566	171	508	0.15	0.46
2018	Onshore	215	424	199	380	0.24	0.48
2018	Offshore	28	145	28	139	0.08	0.42
2018	OVERALL	243	569	227	519	0.19	0.46
2019	Onshore	215	634	201	572	0.22	0.62
2019	Offshore	36	119	36	116	0.09	0.28
2019	OVERALL	251	753	237	688	0.18	0.51
2020	Onshore	152	398	142	360	0.19	0.48
2020	Offshore	25	106	25	105	0.07	0.30
2020	OVERALL	177	504	167	465	0.15	0.42
2021	Onshore	166	498	166	490	0.19	0.56
2021	Offshore	21	87	21	87	0.05	0.22
2021	OVERALL	187	585	187	577	0.15	0.45
2022	Onshore	139	469	139	469	0.18	0.61
2022	Offshore	32	73	32	73	0.07	0.17
2022	OVERALL	171	542	171	542	0.14	0.45
2023	Onshore	160	497	160	497	0.17	0.52
2023	Offshore	44	81	44	81	0.09	0.16
2023	OVERALL	204	578	204	578	0.14	0.40
2024	Onshore	153	598	150	511	0.13	0.44
2024	Offshore	29	108	29	108	0.06	0.23
2024	OVERALL	182	706	179	619	0.11	0.38

* Excludes PSE where related production work hours were not reported.
For related work hours for normalized results, see Scope table below.

Table B.14: Scope – production

Year	Location	Companies reporting PSE data – production		Related work hours (millions)* – production		Data sets – production
Year	Location	Tier 1	Tier 2	Tier 1	Tier 2	Tier 1	Tier 2
2015	Onshore	43	44	701	756	425	425
2015	Offshore	42	41	403	356	152	150
2015	OVERALL	44	44	1,104	1,112	577	575
2016	Onshore	39	39	539	527	353	339
2016	Offshore	37	38	253	208	120	116
2016	OVERALL	39	39	792	734	473	455
2017	Onshore	43	43	754	752	350	357
2017	Offshore	41	40	355	353	154	153
2017	OVERALL	43	43	1,108	1,105	504	510
2018	Onshore	42	41	840	799	373	364
2018	Offshore	40	37	338	331	173	166
2018	OVERALL	42	41	1,177	1,131	546	530
2019	Onshore	47	47	923	926	350	345
2019	Offshore	44	44	411	411	143	138
2019	OVERALL	47	47	1,334	1,337	493	483
2020	Onshore	38	37	747	747	187	186
2020	Offshore	31	31	352	352	105	105
2020	OVERALL	41	40	1,099	1,099	292	291
2021	Onshore	41	41	880	880	195	196
2021	Offshore	33	33	397	397	115	115
2021	OVERALL	44	44	1,278	1,278	310	311
2022	Onshore	45	45	772	772	208	208
2022	Offshore	38	38	442	442	117	117
2022	OVERALL	47	47	1,214	1,214	325	325
2023	Onshore	49	49	957	957	196	196
2023	Offshore	40	40	494	494	115	115
2023	OVERALL	51	51	1,452	1,452	311	311
2024	Onshore	44	44	1,154	1,154	179	181
2024	Offshore	36	36	477	477	104	104
2024	OVERALL	47	47	1,632	1,632	283	285

* Related work hours have not been provided for all reported PSE.

Section 3 Results by activity

Table B.15: Number of production PSE by activity

TIER 1	Normal operations	Start up	Shut down	Other	Unspecified
2015	164	11	5	29	33
2016	101	10	12	22	37
2017	119	8	7	28	14
2018	181	10	4	24	24
2019	132	8	1	7	103
2020	143	6	3	24	1
2021	148	6	13	19	1
2022	144	7	4	16	0
2023	160	18	8	18	0
2024	126	15	10	22	9

TIER 2	Normal operations	Start up	Shut down	Other	Unspecified
2015	556	34	11	67	80
2016	349	18	6	60	248
2017	423	11	10	48	74
2018	447	11	7	62	42
2019	425	14	4	16	294
2020	417	14	3	61	9
2021	438	40	6	92	9
2022	490	18	7	25	2
2023	483	29	16	49	1
2024	526	20	12	67	81

Section 4 Results by consequence

Table B.16: Number of consequences assigned to PSE – Tier 1

Year	Number of consequences assigned to Tier 1 PSE
Year	Fatality or LWDC	Third party hospitalization	Community evacuation	Fire or explosion	PRD discharges	Material release
2015	23	0	1	27	13	195
2016	17	1	2	25	16	144
2017	16	0	2	14	8	151
2018	9	1	2	15	5	221
2019	10	1	1	15	15	225
2020	11	3	0	14	6	168
2021	13	1	3	20	11	179
2022	16	0	0	19	6	145
2023	27	0	2	19	16	170
2024	15	0	0	11	5	158

Note: Multiple consequences can be assigned for each PSE.

Table B.17: Number of consequences assigned to PSE – Tier 2

Year	Number of consequences assigned to Tier 2 PSE
Year	Recordable injury	Fire or explosion	PRD discharges	Material release
2015	14	49	35	660
2016	8	53	19	635
2017	6	48	17	534
2018	9	56	14	497
2019	8	64	78	645
2020	2	36	21	504
2021	11	75	29	578
2022	13	55	24	493
2023	8	53	90	479
2024	7	62	13	656

Table B.18: Number of fatalities

Year	Number of Employee/Contractor fatalities	Number of 3rd Party fatalities
2015	17	0
2016	6	0
2017	5	0
2018	4	1
2019	1	0
2020	3	0
2021	0	0
2022	4	0
2023	5	0
2024	3	0

Table B.19: PSE by consequence – scope

TIER 1	Percentage of total reported PSE where information on consequence was provided	Number of Companies reporting PSE data by consequence	Number of related work hours (millions) where PSE reported by consequence	Number of data sets where PSE reported by consequence
2015	98%	28	660	62
2016	99%	22	510	61
2017	98%	26	863	70
2018	98%	28	794	59
2019	99%	27	813	63
2020	100%	27	619	55
2021	99%	21	655	53
2022	100%	23	570	47
2023	100%	28	845	53
2024	98%	31	965	45

TIER 2	Percentage of total reported PSE where information on consequence was provided	Number of Companies reporting PSE data by consequence	Number of related work hours (millions) where PSE reported by consequence	Number of data sets where PSE reported by consequence
2015	95%	32	838	117
2016	99%	26	565	91
2017	98%	27	900	103
2018	93%	32	827	87
2019	99%	34	1069	107
2020	100%	30	860	101
2021	99%	30	920	91
2022	100%	33	768	72
2023	100%	33	1015	77
2024	99%	34	1158	82

Note 1: Consequence is only specified where 1 or more PSE are reported.
Note 2: Related work hours were not provided for all reported PSE.

Section 5 Results by material

Table B.20: Number of PSE by material released

TIER 1	Toxics	Flammable gas	Hazardous liquid	Other gases or liquids	Unspecified
2015	9	91	107	10	37
2016	5	63	76	8	40
2017	9	70	80	10	23
2018	3	54	158	9	32
2019	5	67	89	7	93
2020	6	61	76	20	21
2021	6	53	99	21	14
2022	5	63	92	16	6
2023	5	76	118	17	2
2024	12	72	83	15	6

TIER 2	Toxics	Flammable gas	Hazardous liquid	Other gases or liquids	Unspecified
2015	12	237	396	54	96
2016	11	169	230	48	257
2017	20	175	246	76	100
2018	9	156	322	77	43
2019	5	169	296	56	269
2020	6	178	251	54	47
2021	9	168	293	108	44
2022	16	157	343	41	6
2023	10	143	425	43	-1
2024	11	153	312	169	80

Note: Material is only specified where 1 or more PSE are reported.

Table B.21: PSE by material – scope

TIER 1	Number of Companies reporting PSE data by material released	Number of related work hours (millions) where PSE reported by material released	Number of data sets where PSE reported by material released
2015	25	503	58
2016	20	457	51
2017	22	786	63
2018	26	583	51
2019	24	714	55
2020	25	544	48
2021	17	536	46
2022	22	565	45
2023	28	835	51
2024	31	982	47

TIER 2	Number of Companies reporting PSE data by material released	Number of related work hours (millions) where PSE reported by material released	Number of data sets where PSE reported by material released
2015	31	808	113
2016	24	534	88
2017	26	838	99
2018	31	810	87
2019	28	934	90
2020	29	795	96
2021	29	902	86
2022	32	767	70
2023	33	1010	76
2024	34	1170	84

Note 1: Material is only specified where 1 or more PSE are reported.
Note 2: Related work hours were not provided for all reported PSE.

Section 6 Results by Process Safety Fundamental

Table B.22: Number of Tier 1 PSE by Process Safety Fundamental

Process Safety Fundamental	2021
We respect hazards.	23
We apply procedures.	10
We sustain barriers.	26
We stay within operating limits.	14
We maintain safe isolation.	11
We walk the line.	12
We control ignition sources.	2
We recognize change.	7
We stop if the unexpected occurs.	3
We watch for weak signals.	13
TOTAL ASSIGNED	121
Not applicable.	63
Unspecified.	4

Note: The reported PSF represents the primary PSF associated with the PSE since more than one may have applied.

Section 7 Results by region

Table B.23: Total number of PSE reported - by region

Number of PSE		Africa	Asia/Australasia	Europe	Middle East	North America	Russia & Central Asia	South America
2015	Tier 1	29	21	15	13	152	7	17
2015	Tier 2	56	56	87	70	366	81	79
2016	Tier 1	19	24	19	28	83	1	18
2016	Tier 2	37	241	64	74	232	21	46
2017	Tier 1	32	25	13	15	72	3	32
2017	Tier 2	70	81	63	41	256	11	95
2018	Tier 1	26	8	15	26	101	58	22
2018	Tier 2	68	56	58	74	242	11	98
2019	Tier 1	15	12	12	20	97	75	30
2019	Tier 2	73	34	41	42	326	116	163
2020	Tier 1	23	10	11	40	76	3	21
2020	Tier 2	49	48	51	83	207	6	92
2021	Tier 1	24	6	9	12	92	7	43
2021	Tier 2	50	41	49	52	286	22	122
2022	Tier 1	20	9	21	1	84	2	45
2022	Tier 2	34	34	25	12	305	12	141
2023	Tier 1	13	8	10	21	88	2	76
2023	Tier 2	31	20	21	50	299	19	180
2024	Tier 1	11	12	13	14	88	8	42
2024	Tier 2	22	34	41	110	300	75	143

Table B.24: Number of PSE for normalized results - by region*

Number of PSE for normalized results*		Africa	Asia/Australasia	Europe	Middle East	North America	Russia & Central Asia	South America
2015	Tier 1	28	20	15	13	116	7	17
2015	Tier 2	55	49	85	69	283	81	78
2016	Tier 1	19	22	19	27	70	1	18
2016	Tier 2	35	42	63	42	206	10	46
2017	Tier 1	32	25	12	15	68	3	32
2017	Tier 2	69	75	61	41	208	9	95
2018	Tier 1	26	7	15	26	85	57	22
2018	Tier 2	65	48	58	74	204	9	97
2019	Tier 1	14	10	12	20	85	75	30
2019	Tier 2	71	30	41	42	272	111	162
2020	Tier 1	23	10	10	40	68	1	21
2020	Tier 2	49	44	49	83	163	6	92
2021	Tier 1	24	6	9	12	92	7	43
2021	Tier 2	43	40	49	52	286	22	122
2022	Tier 1	20	9	21	1	78	2	45
2022	Tier 2	34	34	25	12	298	12	141
2023	Tier 1	13	8	10	21	87	2	76
2023	Tier 2	31	20	21	50	286	19	180
2024	Tier 1	11	12	13	11	88	8	42
2024	Tier 2	22	32	41	28	300	75	140

*Excludes PSE where no related drilling or production work hours were reported. See Tables B.31 – B.40 (Number of PSE used in normalized analysis).

Table B.25: PSE Rate - by region

Year	Tier	PSE per million work hours*
Year	Tier	Africa	Asia/Australasia	Europe	Middle East	North America	Russia & Central Asia	South America	OVERALL
2015	Tier 1	0.14	0.07	0.08	0.05	0.29	0.06	0.20	0.14
2015	Tier 2	0.28	0.21	0.46	0.29	0.53	0.67	0.94	0.44
2016	Tier 1	0.12	0.08	0.12	0.12	0.42	0.01	0.29	0.16
2016	Tier 2	0.23	0.22	0.41	0.19	1.24	0.14	0.75	0.44
2017	Tier 1	0.15	0.13	0.08	0.04	0.38	0.03	0.12	0.13
2017	Tier 2	0.32	0.38	0.43	0.12	1.16	0.08	0.37	0.39
2018	Tier 1	0.11	0.03	0.11	0.07	0.48	0.52	0.09	0.16
2018	Tier 2	0.28	0.23	0.45	0.20	1.16	0.12	0.39	0.39
2019	Tier 1	0.05	0.03	0.08	0.06	0.39	0.59	0.10	0.14
2019	Tier 2	0.27	0.10	0.26	0.12	1.24	0.88	0.54	0.42
2020	Tier 1	0.12	0.03	0.08	0.13	0.54	0.01	0.10	0.12
2020	Tier 2	0.25	0.14	0.37	0.26	1.29	0.06	0.42	0.35
2021	Tier 1	0.12	0.02	0.06	0.03	0.48	0.05	0.18	0.12
2021	Tier 2	0.22	0.13	0.34	0.14	1.48	0.14	0.50	0.38
2022	Tier 1	0.09	0.03	0.12	0.00	0.36	0.02	0.19	0.12
2022	Tier 2	0.16	0.12	0.15	0.04	1.36	0.11	0.60	0.37
2023	Tier 1	0.06	0.02	0.06	0.04	0.35	0.02	0.29	0.11
2023	Tier 2	0.14	0.06	0.12	0.09	1.13	0.17	0.69	0.31
2024	Tier 1	0.04	0.03	0.08	0.02	0.30	0.06	0.14	0.08
2024	Tier 2	0.08	0.07	0.25	0.05	1.03	0.61	0.47	0.29

*Excludes PSE where no related drilling or production work hours were reported. See Tables B.28 and B.30 (Number of PSE used in normalized analysis – by region and function).

Table B.26: Number of related work hours - by region

Year	Tier	Number of work hours (thousands) used in normalized analysis
Year	Tier	Africa	Asia/Australasia	Europe	Middle East	North America	Russia & Central Asia	South America	OVERALL
2015	Tier 1	193,327	306,097	184,785	240,688	393,785	120,371	83,369	1,522,422
2015	Tier 2	193,327	235,369	186,483	238,979	529,811	120,371	83,369	1,587,709
2016	Tier 1	155,553	271,552	152,320	218,137	165,683	71,254	61,854	1,096,353
2016	Tier 2	155,553	190,350	152,320	218,137	165,683	71,254	61,307	1,014,604
2017	Tier 1	217,765	197,636	142,314	337,908	179,417	116,348	258,149	1,449,537
2017	Tier 2	217,765	195,285	142,314	334,183	179,417	116,348	258,149	1,443,461
2018	Tier 1	242,448	207,795	136,603	368,292	177,301	108,877	253,649	1,494,965
2018	Tier 2	234,808	206,583	128,812	368,292	176,014	75,500	249,635	1,439,644
2019	Tier 1	263,090	314,203	158,772	341,054	219,433	126,064	289,385	1,712,001
2019	Tier 2	263,666	315,363	158,360	341,054	219,401	126,445	299,726	1,724,015
2020	Tier 1	192,576	320,640	133,272	319,150	126,749	96,309	217,762	1,406,458
2020	Tier 2	192,576	320,640	133,272	319,150	126,749	96,309	217,762	1,406,458
2021	Tier 1	197,141	305,640	144,811	365,617	193,593	152,467	244,260	1,603,529
2021	Tier 2	197,141	305,640	144,811	365,617	193,593	152,467	244,260	1,603,529
2022	Tier 1	215,440	282,772	170,051	274,572	219,387	112,658	234,396	1,509,276
2022	Tier 2	215,440	282,772	170,051	274,572	219,387	112,658	234,396	1,509,276
2023	Tier 1	222,907	345,450	175,021	568,359	252,113	112,404	262,572	1,938,827
2023	Tier 2	222,907	345,450	175,021	568,359	252,113	112,404	262,572	1,938,827
2024	Tier 1	290,836	465,236	166,030	599,914	291,657	123,383	297,091	2,234,146
2024	Tier 2	290,836	465,236	166,030	599,914	291,657	123,383	297,091	2,234,146

Table B.27: Number of PSE - drilling - by region

Number of PSE		Africa	Asia/Australasia	Europe	Middle East	North America	Russia & Central Asia	South America	OVERALL
2015	Tier 1	1.00	1.00	0.00	1.00	6.00	2.00	1.00	12.00
2015	Tier 2	6.00	3.00	10.00	3.00	18.00	1.00	6.00	47.00
2016	Tier 1	0.00	0.00	3.00	4.00	1.00	0.00	2.00	10.00
2016	Tier 2	3.00	2.00	8.00	3.00	15.00	1.00	2.00	34.00
2017	Tier 1	2.00	0.00	3.00	2.00	4.00	0.00	5.00	16.00
2017	Tier 2	2.00	2.00	13.00	1.00	15.00	2.00	16.00	51.00
2018	Tier 1	3.00	0.00	2.00	0.00	3.00	1.00	4.00	13.00
2018	Tier 2	3.00	4.00	7.00	1.00	10.00	1.00	12.00	38.00
2019	Tier 1	1.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	7.00	0.00	2.00	10.00
2019	Tier 2	4.00	0.00	5.00	1.00	21.00	0.00	11.00	42.00
2020	Tier 1	0.00	0.00	1.00	2.00	2.00	0.00	2.00	7.00
2020	Tier 2	0.00	5.00	4.00	2.00	11.00	0.00	10.00	32.00
2021	Tier 1	0.00	0.00	1.00	0.00	1.00	1.00	3.00	6.00
2021	Tier 2	0.00	2.00	2.00	1.00	6.00	0.00	26.00	37.00
2022	Tier 1	0.00	0.00	2.00	0.00	7.00	0.00	2.00	11.00
2022	Tier 2	0.00	1.00	3.00	0.00	9.00	1.00	7.00	21.00
2023	Tier 1	2.00	1.00	0.00	0.00	4.00	1.00	6.00	14.00
2023	Tier 2	1.00	2.00	2.00	0.00	23.00	0.00	14.00	42.00
2024	Tier 1	0.00	1.00	1.00	0.00	1.00	0.00	3.00	6.00
2024	Tier 2	1.00	2.00	3.00	0.00	2.00	1.00	10.00	19.00

Table B.28: Number of PSE for normalized results* - drilling - by region

Number of PSE for normalized results*		Africa	Asia/Australasia	Europe	Middle East	North America	Russia & Central Asia	South America	OVERALL
2015	Tier 1	1.00	0.00	0.00	1.00	5.00	2.00	1.00	10.00
2015	Tier 2	5.00	2.00	10.00	2.00	17.00	1.00	6.00	43.00
2016	Tier 1	0.00	0.00	3.00	4.00	1.00	0.00	2.00	10.00
2016	Tier 2	1.00	2.00	8.00	3.00	13.00	1.00	2.00	30.00
2017	Tier 1	2.00	0.00	3.00	2.00	4.00	0.00	5.00	16.00
2017	Tier 2	1.00	2.00	13.00	1.00	15.00	2.00	16.00	50.00
2018	Tier 1	3.00	0.00	2.00	0.00	2.00	0.00	4.00	11.00
2018	Tier 2	2.00	4.00	7.00	1.00	9.00	1.00	12.00	36.00
2019	Tier 1	1.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	6.00	0.00	2.00	9.00
2019	Tier 2	4.00	0.00	5.00	1.00	20.00	0.00	11.00	41.00
2020	Tier 1	0.00	0.00	0.00	2.00	2.00	0.00	2.00	6.00
2020	Tier 2	0.00	1.00	3.00	2.00	5.00	0.00	10.00	21.00
2021	Tier 1	0.00	0.00	1.00	0.00	1.00	1.00	3.00	6.00
2021	Tier 2	0.00	2.00	2.00	1.00	6.00	0.00	26.00	37.00
2022	Tier 1	0.00	0.00	2.00	0.00	1.00	0.00	2.00	5.00
2022	Tier 2	0.00	1.00	3.00	0.00	2.00	1.00	7.00	14.00
2023	Tier 1	2.00	1.00	0.00	0.00	3.00	1.00	6.00	13.00
2023	Tier 2	1.00	2.00	2.00	0.00	10.00	0.00	14.00	29.00
2024	Tier 1	0.00	1.00	1.00	0.00	1.00	0.00	3.00	6.00
2024	Tier 2	1.00	2.00	3.00	0.00	2.00	1.00	10.00	19.00

*Excludes PSE where no related drilling work hours were reported. See Tables B.31–B.40 (Number of PSE used in normalized analysis – by region and function).

Table B.29: Number of PSE - production - by region

Number of PSE		Africa	Asia/Australasia	Europe	Middle East	North America	Russia & Central Asia	South America	OVERALL
2015	Tier 1	28.00	20.00	15.00	12.00	146.00	5.00	16.00	242.00
2015	Tier 2	50.00	53.00	77.00	67.00	348.00	80.00	73.00	748.00
2016	Tier 1	19.00	24.00	16.00	24.00	82.00	1.00	16.00	182.00
2016	Tier 2	34.00	239.00	56.00	71.00	217.00	20.00	44.00	681.00
2017	Tier 1	30.00	25.00	10.00	13.00	68.00	3.00	27.00	176.00
2017	Tier 2	68.00	79.00	50.00	40.00	241.00	9.00	79.00	566.00
2018	Tier 1	23.00	8.00	13.00	26.00	98.00	57.00	18.00	243.00
2018	Tier 2	65.00	52.00	51.00	73.00	232.00	10.00	86.00	569.00
2019	Tier 1	14.00	12.00	12.00	20.00	90.00	75.00	28.00	251.00
2019	Tier 2	69.00	34.00	36.00	41.00	305.00	116.00	152.00	753.00
2020	Tier 1	23.00	10.00	10.00	38.00	74.00	3.00	19.00	177.00
2020	Tier 2	49.00	43.00	47.00	81.00	196.00	6.00	82.00	504.00
2021	Tier 1	24.00	6.00	8.00	12.00	91.00	6.00	40.00	187.00
2021	Tier 2	50.00	39.00	47.00	51.00	280.00	22.00	96.00	585.00
2022	Tier 1	20.00	9.00	19.00	1.00	77.00	2.00	43.00	171.00
2022	Tier 2	34.00	33.00	22.00	12.00	296.00	11.00	134.00	542.00
2023	Tier 1	11.00	7.00	10.00	21.00	84.00	1.00	70.00	204.00
2023	Tier 2	30.00	18.00	19.00	50.00	276.00	19.00	166.00	578.00
2024	Tier 1	11.00	11.00	12.00	14.00	87.00	8.00	39.00	182.00
2024	Tier 2	21.00	32.00	38.00	110.00	298.00	74.00	133.00	706.00

Table B.30: Number of PSE for normalized results* - production - by region

Number of PSE for normalized results*		Africa	Asia/Australasia	Europe	Middle East	North America	Russia & Central Asia	South America	OVERALL
2015	Tier 1	27.00	20.00	15.00	12.00	111.00	5.00	16.00	206.00
2015	Tier 2	50.00	47.00	75.00	67.00	266.00	80.00	72.00	657.00
2016	Tier 1	19.00	22.00	16.00	23.00	69.00	1.00	16.00	166.00
2016	Tier 2	34.00	40.00	55.00	39.00	193.00	9.00	44.00	414.00
2017	Tier 1	30.00	25.00	9.00	13.00	64.00	3.00	27.00	171.00
2017	Tier 2	68.00	73.00	48.00	40.00	193.00	7.00	79.00	508.00
2018	Tier 1	23.00	7.00	13.00	26.00	83.00	57.00	18.00	227.00
2018	Tier 2	63.00	44.00	51.00	73.00	195.00	8.00	85.00	519.00
2019	Tier 1	13.00	10.00	12.00	20.00	79.00	75.00	28.00	237.00
2019	Tier 2	67.00	30.00	36.00	41.00	252.00	111.00	151.00	688.00
2020	Tier 1	23.00	10.00	10.00	38.00	66.00	1.00	19.00	167.00
2020	Tier 2	49.00	43.00	46.00	81.00	158.00	6.00	82.00	465.00
2021	Tier 1	24.00	6.00	8.00	12.00	91.00	6.00	40.00	187.00
2021	Tier 2	43.00	38.00	47.00	51.00	280.00	22.00	96.00	577.00
2022	Tier 1	20.00	9.00	19.00	1.00	77.00	2.00	43.00	171.00
2022	Tier 2	34.00	33.00	22.00	12.00	296.00	11.00	134.00	542.00
2023	Tier 1	11.00	7.00	10.00	21.00	84.00	1.00	70.00	204.00
2023	Tier 2	30.00	18.00	19.00	50.00	276.00	19.00	166.00	578.00
2024	Tier 1	11.00	11.00	12.00	11.00	87.00	8.00	39.00	179.00
2024	Tier 2	21.00	30.00	38.00	28.00	298.00	74.00	130.00	619.00

*Excludes PSE where no related production work hours were reported.
See Tables B.31 – B.40 (Number of PSE used in normalized analysis – by region and function).

Table B.31: Number of PSE used in normalized analysis – by region and function – 2012

Region	Function	Tier 1			Tier 2
Region	Function	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL
Africa	Drilling	0	1	1	0	5	5
Africa	Production	16	11	27	24	26	50
Africa	OVERALL	16	12	28	24	31	55
Asia / Australasia	Drilling	0	0	0	1	1	2
Asia / Australasia	Production	18	2	20	29	18	47
Asia / Australasia	OVERALL	18	2	20	30	19	49
Europe	Drilling	0	0	0	0	10	10
Europe	Production	5	10	15	21	54	75
Europe	OVERALL	5	10	15	21	64	85
Middle East	Drilling	1	0	1	2	0	2
Middle East	Production	10	2	12	59	8	67
Middle East	OVERALL	11	2	13	61	8	69
North America	Drilling	3	2	5	12	5	17
North America	Production	107	4	111	247	19	266
North America	OVERALL	110	6	116	259	24	283
Russia & Central Asia	Drilling	2	0	2	1	0	1
Russia & Central Asia	Production	5	0	5	77	3	80
Russia & Central Asia	OVERALL	7	0	7	78	3	81
South & Central America	Drilling	1	0	1	5	1	6
South & Central America	Production	15	1	16	62	10	72
South & Central America	OVERALL	16	1	17	67	11	78
OVERALL	Drilling	7	3	10	21	22	43
OVERALL	Production	176	30	206	519	138	657
OVERALL	OVERALL	183	33	216	540	160	700

Table B.32: Number of PSE used in normalized analysis – by region and function – 2013

Region	Function	Tier 1			Tier 2
Region	Function	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL
Africa	Drilling	0	0	0	0	1	1
Africa	Production	14	5	19	19	15	34
Africa	OVERALL	14	5	19	19	16	35
Asia / Australasia	Drilling	0	0	0	1	1	2
Asia / Australasia	Production	17	5	22	23	17	40
Asia / Australasia	OVERALL	17	5	22	24	18	42
Europe	Drilling	0	3	3	0	8	8
Europe	Production	4	12	16	11	44	55
Europe	OVERALL	4	15	19	11	52	63
Middle East	Drilling	4	0	4	2	1	3
Middle East	Production	20	3	23	36	3	39
Middle East	OVERALL	24	3	27	38	4	42
North America	Drilling	1	0	1	8	5	13
North America	Production	65	4	69	181	12	193
North America	OVERALL	66	4	70	189	17	206
Russia & Central Asia	Drilling	0	0	0	0	1	1
Russia & Central Asia	Production	1	0	1	8	1	9
Russia & Central Asia	OVERALL	1	0	1	8	2	10
South & Central America	Drilling	2	0	2	2	0	2
South & Central America	Production	12	4	16	36	8	44
South & Central America	OVERALL	14	4	18	38	8	46
OVERALL	Drilling	7	3	10	13	17	30
OVERALL	Production	133	33	166	314	100	414
OVERALL	OVERALL	140	36	176	327	117	444

Table B.33: Number of PSE used in normalized analysis – by region and function – 2014

Region	Function	Tier 1			Tier 2
Region	Function	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL
Africa	Drilling	0	2	2	1	0	1
Africa	Production	20	10	30	49	19	68
Africa	OVERALL	20	12	32	50	19	69
Asia / Australasia	Drilling	0	0	0	1	1	2
Asia / Australasia	Production	15	10	25	22	51	73
Asia / Australasia	OVERALL	15	10	25	23	52	75
Europe	Drilling	0	3	3	0	13	13
Europe	Production	4	5	9	19	29	48
Europe	OVERALL	4	8	12	19	42	61
Middle East	Drilling	2	0	2	1	0	1
Middle East	Production	10	3	13	34	6	40
Middle East	OVERALL	12	3	15	35	6	41
North America	Drilling	4	0	4	12	3	15
North America	Production	63	1	64	183	10	193
North America	OVERALL	67	1	68	195	13	208
Russia & Central Asia	Drilling	0	0	0	1	1	2
Russia & Central Asia	Production	3	0	3	5	2	7
Russia & Central Asia	OVERALL	3	0	3	6	3	9
South & Central America	Drilling	2	3	5	4	12	16
South & Central America	Production	16	11	27	44	35	79
South & Central America	OVERALL	18	14	32	48	47	95
OVERALL	Drilling	8	8	16	20	30	50
OVERALL	Production	131	40	171	356	152	508
OVERALL	OVERALL	139	48	187	376	182	558

Table B.34: Number of PSE used in normalized analysis – by region and function – 2015

Region	Function	Tier 1			Tier 2
Region	Function	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL
Africa	Drilling	2	1	3	1	1	2
Africa	Production	18	5	23	37	26	63
Africa	OVERALL	20	6	26	38	27	65
Asia / Australasia	Drilling	0	0	0	1	3	4
Asia / Australasia	Production	1	6	7	18	26	44
Asia / Australasia	OVERALL	1	6	7	19	29	48
Europe	Drilling	1	1	2	0	7	7
Europe	Production	8	5	13	18	33	51
Europe	OVERALL	9	6	15	18	40	58
Middle East	Drilling	0	0	0	1	0	1
Middle East	Production	24	2	26	71	2	73
Middle East	OVERALL	24	2	26	72	2	74
North America	Drilling	2	0	2	9	0	9
North America	Production	79	4	83	184	11	195
North America	OVERALL	81	4	85	193	11	204
Russia & Central Asia	Drilling	0	0	0	0	1	1
Russia & Central Asia	Production	57	0	57	8	0	8
Russia & Central Asia	OVERALL	57	0	57	8	1	9
South & Central America	Drilling	4	0	4	9	3	12
South & Central America	Production	12	6	18	44	41	85
South & Central America	OVERALL	16	6	22	53	44	97
OVERALL	Drilling	9	2	11	21	15	36
OVERALL	Production	199	28	227	380	139	519
OVERALL	OVERALL	208	30	238	401	154	555

Table B.35: Number of PSE used in normalized analysis – by region and function – 2016

Region	Function	Tier 1			Tier 2
Region	Function	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL
Africa	Drilling	1	0	1	2	2	4
Africa	Production	4	9	13	46	21	67
Africa	OVERALL	5	9	14	48	23	71
Asia / Australasia	Drilling	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia / Australasia	Production	4	6	10	12	18	30
Asia / Australasia	OVERALL	4	6	10	12	18	30
Europe	Drilling	0	0	0	0	5	5
Europe	Production	5	7	12	14	22	36
Europe	OVERALL	5	7	12	14	27	41
Middle East	Drilling	0	0	0	1	0	1
Middle East	Production	19	1	20	37	4	41
Middle East	OVERALL	19	1	20	38	4	42
North America	Drilling	5	1	6	19	1	20
North America	Production	78	1	79	243	9	252
North America	OVERALL	83	2	85	262	10	272
Russia & Central Asia	Drilling	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russia & Central Asia	Production	75	0	75	109	2	111
Russia & Central Asia	OVERALL	75	0	75	109	2	111
South & Central America	Drilling	2	0	2	7	4	11
South & Central America	Production	16	12	28	111	40	151
South & Central America	OVERALL	18	12	30	118	44	162
OVERALL	Drilling	8	1	9	29	12	41
OVERALL	Production	201	36	237	572	116	688
OVERALL	OVERALL	209	37	246	601	128	729

Table B.36: Number of PSE used in normalized analysis – by region and function – 2017

Region	Function	Tier 1			Tier 2
Region	Function	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL
Africa	Drilling	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	Production	13	10	23	32	17	49
Africa	OVERALL	13	10	23	32	17	49
Asia / Australasia	Drilling	0	0	0	0	1	1
Asia / Australasia	Production	7	3	10	17	26	43
Asia / Australasia	OVERALL	7	3	10	17	27	44
Europe	Drilling	0	0	0	0	3	3
Europe	Production	7	3	10	28	18	46
Europe	OVERALL	7	3	10	28	21	49
Middle East	Drilling	2	0	2	2	0	2
Middle East	Production	38	0	38	76	5	81
Middle East	OVERALL	40	0	40	78	5	83
North America	Drilling	2	0	2	4	1	5
North America	Production	64	2	66	153	5	158
North America	OVERALL	66	2	68	157	6	163
Russia & Central Asia	Drilling	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russia & Central Asia	Production	1	0	1	3	3	6
Russia & Central Asia	OVERALL	1	0	1	3	3	6
South & Central America	Drilling	1	1	2	4	6	10
South & Central America	Production	12	7	19	51	31	82
South & Central America	OVERALL	13	8	21	55	37	92
OVERALL	Drilling	5	1	6	10	11	21
OVERALL	Production	142	25	167	360	105	465
OVERALL	OVERALL	147	26	173	370	116	486

Table B.37: Number of PSE used in normalized analysis – by region and function – 2018

Region	Function	Tier 1			Tier 2
Region	Function	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL
Africa	Drilling	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	Production	17	7	24	30	13	43
Africa	OVERALL	17	7	24	30	13	43
Asia / Australasia	Drilling	0	0	0	0	2	2
Asia / Australasia	Production	5	1	6	19	19	38
Asia / Australasia	OVERALL	5	1	6	19	21	40
Europe	Drilling	1	0	1	0	2	2
Europe	Production	4	4	8	22	25	47
Europe	OVERALL	5	4	9	22	27	49
Middle East	Drilling	0	0	0	1	0	1
Middle East	Production	12	0	12	50	1	51
Middle East	OVERALL	12	0	12	51	1	52
North America	Drilling	1	0	1	5	1	6
North America	Production	87	4	91	273	7	280
North America	OVERALL	88	4	92	278	8	286
Russia & Central Asia	Drilling	1	0	1	0	0	0
Russia & Central Asia	Production	6	0	6	19	3	22
Russia & Central Asia	OVERALL	7	0	7	19	3	22
South & Central America	Drilling	3	0	3	25	1	26
South & Central America	Production	35	5	40	77	19	96
South & Central America	OVERALL	38	5	43	102	20	122
OVERALL	Drilling	6	0	6	31	6	37
OVERALL	Production	166	21	187	490	87	577
OVERALL	OVERALL	172	21	193	521	93	614

Table B.38: Number of PSE used in normalized analysis – by region and function – 2019

Region	Function	Tier 1			Tier 2
Region	Function	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL
Africa	Drilling	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	Production	14	6	20	21	13	34
Africa	OVERALL	14	6	20	21	13	34
Asia / Australasia	Drilling	0	0	0	0	1	1
Asia / Australasia	Production	6	3	9	19	14	33
Asia / Australasia	OVERALL	6	3	9	19	15	34
Europe	Drilling	0	2	2	0	3	3
Europe	Production	6	13	19	12	10	22
Europe	OVERALL	6	15	21	12	13	25
Middle East	Drilling	0	0	0	0	0	0
Middle East	Production	1	0	1	6	6	12
Middle East	OVERALL	1	0	1	6	6	12
North America	Drilling	1	0	1	2	0	2
North America	Production	77	0	77	293	3	296
North America	OVERALL	78	0	78	295	3	298
Russia & Central Asia	Drilling	0	0	0	0	1	1
Russia & Central Asia	Production	1	1	2	6	5	11
Russia & Central Asia	OVERALL	1	1	2	6	6	12
South & Central America	Drilling	2	0	2	7	0	7
South & Central America	Production	34	9	43	112	22	134
South & Central America	OVERALL	36	9	45	119	22	141
OVERALL	Drilling	3	2	5	9	5	14
OVERALL	Production	139	32	171	469	73	542
OVERALL	OVERALL	142	34	176	478	78	556

Table B.39: Number of PSE used in normalized analysis – by region and function – 2020

Region	Function	Tier 1			Tier 2
Region	Function	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL
Africa	Drilling	1	1	2	0	1	1
Africa	Production	2	9	11	10	20	30
Africa	OVERALL	3	10	13	10	21	31
Asia / Australasia	Drilling	0	1	1	0	2	2
Asia / Australasia	Production	3	4	7	10	8	18
Asia / Australasia	OVERALL	3	5	8	10	10	20
Europe	Drilling	0	0	0	1	1	2
Europe	Production	7	3	10	11	8	19
Europe	OVERALL	7	3	10	12	9	21
Middle East	Drilling	0	0	0	0	0	0
Middle East	Production	14	7	21	45	5	50
Middle East	OVERALL	14	7	21	45	5	50
North America	Drilling	3	0	3	9	1	10
North America	Production	83	1	84	269	7	276
North America	OVERALL	86	1	87	278	8	286
Russia & Central Asia	Drilling	1	0	1	0	0	0
Russia & Central Asia	Production	1	0	1	13	6	19
Russia & Central Asia	OVERALL	2	0	2	13	6	19
South & Central America	Drilling	5	1	6	10	4	14
South & Central America	Production	50	20	70	139	27	166
South & Central America	OVERALL	55	21	76	149	31	180
OVERALL	Drilling	10	3	13	20	9	29
OVERALL	Production	160	44	204	497	81	578
OVERALL	OVERALL	170	47	217	517	90	607

Table B.40: Number of PSE used in normalized analysis – by region and function – 2021

Region	Function	Tier 1			Tier 2
Region	Function	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL
Africa	Drilling	0	0	0	1	0	1
Africa	Production	5	6	11	12	9	21
Africa	OVERALL	5	6	11	13	9	22
Asia / Australasia	Drilling	1	0	1	0	2	2
Asia / Australasia	Production	7	4	11	17	13	30
Asia / Australasia	OVERALL	8	4	12	17	15	32
Europe	Drilling	0	1	1	0	3	3
Europe	Production	6	6	12	19	19	38
Europe	OVERALL	6	7	13	19	22	41
Middle East	Drilling	0	0	0	0	0	0
Middle East	Production	10	1	11	25	3	28
Middle East	OVERALL	10	1	11	25	3	28
North America	Drilling	1	0	1	2	0	2
North America	Production	87	0	87	295	3	298
North America	OVERALL	88	0	88	297	3	300
Russia & Central Asia	Drilling	0	0	0	1	0	1
Russia & Central Asia	Production	7	1	8	53	21	74
Russia & Central Asia	OVERALL	7	1	8	54	21	75
South & Central America	Drilling	2	1	3	8	2	10
South & Central America	Production	28	11	39	90	40	130
South & Central America	OVERALL	30	12	42	98	42	140
OVERALL	Drilling	4	2	6	12	7	19
OVERALL	Production	150	29	179	511	108	619
OVERALL	OVERALL	154	31	185	523	115	638

Tables B.41–50 show the number of work hours in the main safety database for which there were related PSE data (even if zero), i.e., those that were included in the calculation of PSE per million work hours in this report.

Table B.41: Number of work hours (thousands) used in normalized analysis – by region and function – 2012

Region	Function	Tier 1			Tier 2
Region	Function	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL
Africa	Drilling	18,780	31,711	50,491	18,780	31,711	50,491
Africa	Production	109,242	33,594	142,836	109,242	33,594	142,836
Africa	OVERALL	128,022	65,305	193,327	128,022	65,305	193,327
Asia / Australasia	Drilling	44,874	42,865	87,739	42,531	24,921	67,452
Asia / Australasia	Production	118,825	99,533	218,358	114,429	53,488	167,917
Asia / Australasia	OVERALL	163,699	142,398	306,097	156,960	78,409	235,369
Europe	Drilling	19,917	26,266	46,183	21,469	26,412	47,881
Europe	Production	66,642	71,960	138,602	66,642	71,960	138,602
Europe	OVERALL	86,559	98,226	184,785	88,111	98,372	186,483
Middle East	Drilling	54,175	12,622	66,797	54,175	10,779	64,954
Middle East	Production	145,474	28,417	173,891	145,608	28,417	174,025
Middle East	OVERALL	199,649	41,039	240,688	199,783	39,196	238,979
North America	Drilling	73,584	33,642	107,226	117,399	67,615	185,014
North America	Production	145,555	141,004	286,559	204,134	140,663	344,797
North America	OVERALL	219,139	174,646	393,785	321,533	208,278	529,811
Russia & Central Asia	Drilling	23,988	7,145	31,133	23,988	7,145	31,133
Russia & Central Asia	Production	70,413	18,825	89,238	70,413	18,825	89,238
Russia & Central Asia	OVERALL	94,401	25,970	120,371	94,401	25,970	120,371
South & Central America	Drilling	22,955	5,623	28,578	22,955	5,623	28,578
South & Central America	Production	45,317	9,474	54,791	45,317	9,474	54,791
South & Central America	OVERALL	68,272	15,097	83,369	68,272	15,097	83,369
OVERALL	Drilling	258,273	159,874	418,147	301,297	174,206	475,503
OVERALL	Production	701,468	402,807	1,104,275	755,785	356,421	1,112,206
OVERALL	OVERALL	959,741	562,681	1,522,422	1,057,082	530,627	1,587,709

Table B.42: Number of work hours (thousands) used in normalized analysis – by region and function – 2013

Region	Function	Tier 1			Tier 2
Region	Function	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL
Africa	Drilling	16,489	21,349	37,838	16,489	21,349	37,838
Africa	Production	83,611	34,104	117,715	83,611	34,104	117,715
Africa	OVERALL	100,100	55,453	155,553	100,100	55,453	155,553
Asia / Australasia	Drilling	31,508	37,445	68,953	27,472	18,583	46,055
Asia / Australasia	Production	99,237	103,362	202,599	86,801	57,494	144,295
Asia / Australasia	OVERALL	130,745	140,807	271,552	114,273	76,077	190,350
Europe	Drilling	13,206	20,801	34,007	13,206	20,801	34,007
Europe	Production	58,998	59,315	118,313	58,998	59,315	118,313
Europe	OVERALL	72,204	80,116	152,320	72,204	80,116	152,320
Middle East	Drilling	71,527	17,531	89,058	71,527	17,531	89,058
Middle East	Production	119,679	9,400	129,079	119,679	9,400	129,079
Middle East	OVERALL	191,206	26,931	218,137	191,206	26,931	218,137
North America	Drilling	24,063	19,688	43,751	24,063	19,688	43,751
North America	Production	101,712	20,220	121,932	101,712	20,220	121,932
North America	OVERALL	125,775	39,908	165,683	125,775	39,908	165,683
Russia & Central Asia	Drilling	5,883	5,996	11,879	5,883	5,996	11,879
Russia & Central Asia	Production	41,264	18,111	59,375	41,264	18,111	59,375
Russia & Central Asia	OVERALL	47,147	24,107	71,254	47,147	24,107	71,254
South & Central America	Drilling	13,893	4,624	18,517	13,346	4,624	17,970
South & Central America	Production	34,458	8,879	43,337	34,458	8,879	43,337
South & Central America	OVERALL	48,351	13,503	61,854	47,804	13,503	61,307
OVERALL	Drilling	176,569	127,434	304,003	171,986	108,572	280,558
OVERALL	Production	538,959	253,391	792,350	526,523	207,523	734,046
OVERALL	OVERALL	715,528	380,825	1,096,353	698,509	316,095	1,014,604

Table B.43: Number of work hours (thousands) used in normalized analysis – by region and function – 2014

Region	Function	Tier 1			Tier 2
Region	Function	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL
Africa	Drilling	22,924	21,547	44,471	22,924	21,547	44,471
Africa	Production	139,683	33,611	173,294	139,683	33,611	173,294
Africa	OVERALL	162,607	55,158	217,765	162,607	55,158	217,765
Asia / Australasia	Drilling	23,307	15,574	38,881	23,228	14,946	38,174
Asia / Australasia	Production	83,064	75,691	158,755	83,011	74,100	157,111
Asia / Australasia	OVERALL	106,371	91,265	197,636	106,239	89,046	195,285
Europe	Drilling	16,110	17,169	33,279	16,110	17,169	33,279
Europe	Production	50,698	58,337	109,035	50,698	58,337	109,035
Europe	OVERALL	66,808	75,506	142,314	66,808	75,506	142,314
Middle East	Drilling	67,094	25,246	92,340	65,267	25,246	90,513
Middle East	Production	191,880	53,688	245,568	189,982	53,688	243,670
Middle East	OVERALL	258,974	78,934	337,908	255,249	78,934	334,183
North America	Drilling	44,137	17,320	61,457	44,137	17,320	61,457
North America	Production	100,009	17,951	117,960	100,009	17,951	117,960
North America	OVERALL	144,146	35,271	179,417	144,146	35,271	179,417
Russia & Central Asia	Drilling	12,941	9,562	22,503	12,941	9,562	22,503
Russia & Central Asia	Production	75,104	18,741	93,845	75,104	18,741	93,845
Russia & Central Asia	OVERALL	88,045	28,303	116,348	88,045	28,303	116,348
South & Central America	Drilling	27,247	21,013	48,260	27,247	21,013	48,260
South & Central America	Production	113,126	96,763	209,889	113,126	96,763	209,889
South & Central America	OVERALL	140,373	117,776	258,149	140,373	117,776	258,149
OVERALL	Drilling	213,760	127,431	341,191	211,854	126,803	338,657
OVERALL	Production	753,564	354,782	1,108,346	751,613	353,191	1,104,804
OVERALL	OVERALL	967,324	482,213	1,449,537	963,467	479,994	1,443,461

Table B.44: Number of work hours (thousands) used in normalized analysis – by region and function – 2015

Region	Function	Tier 1			Tier 2
Region	Function	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL
Africa	Drilling	24,684	17,178	41,862	22,200	15,019	37,219
Africa	Production	162,651	37,935	200,586	159,654	37,935	197,589
Africa	OVERALL	187,335	55,113	242,448	181,854	52,954	234,808
Asia / Australasia	Drilling	12,459	22,266	34,725	12,459	21,746	34,205
Asia / Australasia	Production	90,993	82,077	173,070	90,301	82,077	172,378
Asia / Australasia	OVERALL	103,452	104,343	207,795	102,760	103,823	206,583
Europe	Drilling	18,481	16,794	35,275	17,833	16,131	33,964
Europe	Production	50,194	51,134	101,328	47,507	47,341	94,848
Europe	OVERALL	68,675	67,928	136,603	65,340	63,472	128,812
Middle East	Drilling	66,581	18,379	84,960	66,581	18,379	84,960
Middle East	Production	243,134	40,198	283,332	243,134	40,198	283,332
Middle East	OVERALL	309,715	58,577	368,292	309,715	58,577	368,292
North America	Drilling	39,795	16,825	56,620	39,795	16,815	56,610
North America	Production	104,810	15,871	120,681	104,810	14,594	119,404
North America	OVERALL	144,605	32,696	177,301	144,605	31,409	176,014
Russia & Central Asia	Drilling	9,095	6,663	15,758	9,095	6,663	15,758
Russia & Central Asia	Production	74,121	18,998	93,119	40,744	18,998	59,742
Russia & Central Asia	OVERALL	83,216	25,661	108,877	49,839	25,661	75,500
South & Central America	Drilling	26,041	22,643	48,684	24,574	21,709	46,283
South & Central America	Production	113,630	91,335	204,965	113,238	90,114	203,352
South & Central America	OVERALL	139,671	113,978	253,649	137,812	111,823	249,635
OVERALL	Drilling	197,136	120,748	317,884	192,537	116,462	308,999
OVERALL	Production	839,533	337,548	1,177,081	799,388	331,257	1,130,645
OVERALL	OVERALL	1,036,669	458,296	1,494,965	991,925	447,719	1,439,644

Table B.45: Number of work hours (thousands) used in normalized analysis – by region and function – 2016

Region	Function	Tier 1			Tier 2
Region	Function	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL
Africa	Drilling	20,792	20,548	41,340	21,127	19,094	40,221
Africa	Production	174,420	47,330	221,750	176,115	47,330	223,445
Africa	OVERALL	195,212	67,878	263,090	197,242	66,424	263,666
Asia / Australasia	Drilling	22,114	42,620	64,734	22,114	42,772	64,886
Asia / Australasia	Production	118,525	130,944	249,469	119,533	130,944	250,477
Asia / Australasia	OVERALL	140,639	173,564	314,203	141,647	173,716	315,363
Europe	Drilling	19,079	18,479	37,558	19,026	18,416	37,442
Europe	Production	59,875	61,339	121,214	59,579	61,339	120,918
Europe	OVERALL	78,954	79,818	158,772	78,605	79,755	158,360
Middle East	Drilling	70,283	21,414	91,697	70,283	21,414	91,697
Middle East	Production	187,993	61,364	249,357	187,993	61,364	249,357
Middle East	OVERALL	258,276	82,778	341,054	258,276	82,778	341,054
North America	Drilling	50,100	20,463	70,563	50,068	20,463	70,531
North America	Production	133,103	15,767	148,870	133,103	15,767	148,870
North America	OVERALL	183,203	36,230	219,433	183,171	36,230	219,401
Russia & Central Asia	Drilling	12,325	5,995	18,320	12,706	5,995	18,701
Russia & Central Asia	Production	96,674	11,070	107,744	96,674	11,070	107,744
Russia & Central Asia	OVERALL	108,999	17,065	126,064	109,380	17,065	126,445
South & Central America	Drilling	33,987	19,593	53,580	44,328	19,593	63,921
South & Central America	Production	152,727	83,078	235,805	152,727	83,078	235,805
South & Central America	OVERALL	186,714	102,671	289,385	197,055	102,671	299,726
OVERALL	Drilling	228,680	149,112	377,792	239,652	147,747	387,399
OVERALL	Production	923,317	410,892	1,334,209	925,724	410,892	1,336,616
OVERALL	OVERALL	1,151,997	560,004	1,712,001	1,165,376	558,639	1,724,015

Table B.46: Number of work hours (thousands) used in normalized analysis – by region and function – 2017

Region	Function	Tier 1			Tier 2
Region	Function	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL
Africa	Drilling	15,810	8,880	24,690	15,810	8,880	24,690
Africa	Production	135,737	32,149	167,886	135,737	32,149	167,886
Africa	OVERALL	151,547	41,029	192,576	151,547	41,029	192,576
Asia / Australasia	Drilling	19,938	40,588	60,526	19,938	40,588	60,526
Asia / Australasia	Production	138,246	121,868	260,114	138,246	121,868	260,114
Asia / Australasia	OVERALL	158,184	162,456	320,640	158,184	162,456	320,640
Europe	Drilling	15,268	14,751	30,019	15,268	14,751	30,019
Europe	Production	55,587	47,666	103,253	55,587	47,666	103,253
Europe	OVERALL	70,855	62,417	133,272	70,855	62,417	133,272
Middle East	Drilling	66,111	21,173	87,284	66,111	21,173	87,284
Middle East	Production	159,572	72,294	231,866	159,572	72,294	231,866
Middle East	OVERALL	225,683	93,467	319,150	225,683	93,467	319,150
North America	Drilling	25,876	15,674	41,550	25,876	15,674	41,550
North America	Production	74,799	10,400	85,199	74,799	10,400	85,199
North America	OVERALL	100,675	26,074	126,749	100,675	26,074	126,749
Russia & Central Asia	Drilling	8,183	4,411	12,594	8,183	4,411	12,594
Russia & Central Asia	Production	79,220	4,495	83,715	79,220	4,495	83,715
Russia & Central Asia	OVERALL	87,403	8,906	96,309	87,403	8,906	96,309
South & Central America	Drilling	28,098	22,435	50,533	28,098	22,435	50,533
South & Central America	Production	103,830	63,399	167,229	103,830	63,399	167,229
South & Central America	OVERALL	131,928	85,834	217,762	131,928	85,834	217,762
OVERALL	Drilling	179,284	127,912	307,196	179,284	127,912	307,196
OVERALL	Production	746,991	352,271	1,099,262	746,991	352,271	1,099,262
OVERALL	OVERALL	926,275	480,183	1,406,458	926,275	480,183	1,406,458

Table B.47: Number of work hours (thousands) used in normalized analysis – by region and function – 2018

Region	Function	Tier 1			Tier 2
Region	Function	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL
Africa	Drilling	16,762	13,253	30,015	16,762	13,253	30,015
Africa	Production	130,438	36,688	167,126	130,438	36,688	167,126
Africa	OVERALL	147,200	49,941	197,141	147,200	49,941	197,141
Asia / Australasia	Drilling	21,527	43,702	65,229	21,527	43,702	65,229
Asia / Australasia	Production	114,293	126,118	240,411	114,293	126,118	240,411
Asia / Australasia	OVERALL	135,820	169,820	305,640	135,820	169,820	305,640
Europe	Drilling	9,521	15,597	25,118	9,521	15,597	25,118
Europe	Production	57,266	62,427	119,693	57,266	62,427	119,693
Europe	OVERALL	66,787	78,024	144,811	66,787	78,024	144,811
Middle East	Drilling	73,407	23,020	96,427	73,407	23,020	96,427
Middle East	Production	195,866	73,324	269,190	195,866	73,324	269,190
Middle East	OVERALL	269,273	96,344	365,617	269,273	96,344	365,617
North America	Drilling	19,711	13,818	33,529	19,711	13,818	33,529
North America	Production	149,964	10,100	160,064	149,964	10,100	160,064
North America	OVERALL	169,675	23,918	193,593	169,675	23,918	193,593
Russia & Central Asia	Drilling	10,287	3,791	14,078	10,287	3,791	14,078
Russia & Central Asia	Production	127,083	11,306	138,389	127,083	11,306	138,389
Russia & Central Asia	OVERALL	137,370	15,097	152,467	137,370	15,097	152,467
South & Central America	Drilling	44,178	17,386	61,564	44,178	17,386	61,564
South & Central America	Production	105,369	77,327	182,696	105,369	77,327	182,696
South & Central America	OVERALL	149,547	94,713	244,260	149,547	94,713	244,260
OVERALL	Drilling	195,393	130,567	325,960	195,393	130,567	325,960
OVERALL	Production	880,279	397,290	1,277,569	880,279	397,290	1,277,569
OVERALL	OVERALL	1,075,672	527,857	1,603,529	1,075,672	527,857	1,603,529

Table B.48: Number of work hours (thousands) used in normalized analysis – by region and function – 2019

Region	Function	Tier 1			Tier 2
Region	Function	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL
Africa	Drilling	22,403	13,328	35,731	22,403	13,328	35,731
Africa	Production	136,907	42,802	179,709	136,907	42,802	179,709
Africa	OVERALL	159,310	56,130	215,440	159,310	56,130	215,440
Asia / Australasia	Drilling	7,342	42,770	50,112	7,342	42,770	50,112
Asia / Australasia	Production	115,617	117,043	232,660	115,617	117,043	232,660
Asia / Australasia	OVERALL	122,959	159,813	282,772	122,959	159,813	282,772
Europe	Drilling	15,135	17,600	32,735	15,135	17,600	32,735
Europe	Production	65,502	71,814	137,316	65,502	71,814	137,316
Europe	OVERALL	80,637	89,414	170,051	80,637	89,414	170,051
Middle East	Drilling	50,476	26,918	77,394	50,476	26,918	77,394
Middle East	Production	116,261	80,917	197,178	116,261	80,917	197,178
Middle East	OVERALL	166,737	107,835	274,572	166,737	107,835	274,572
North America	Drilling	24,187	15,787	39,974	24,187	15,787	39,974
North America	Production	166,896	12,517	179,413	166,896	12,517	179,413
North America	OVERALL	191,083	28,304	219,387	191,083	28,304	219,387
Russia & Central Asia	Drilling	6,985	5,454	12,439	6,985	5,454	12,439
Russia & Central Asia	Production	65,023	35,196	100,219	65,023	35,196	100,219
Russia & Central Asia	OVERALL	72,008	40,650	112,658	72,008	40,650	112,658
South & Central America	Drilling	26,452	20,052	46,504	26,452	20,052	46,504
South & Central America	Production	105,934	81,958	187,892	105,934	81,958	187,892
South & Central America	OVERALL	132,386	102,010	234,396	132,386	102,010	234,396
OVERALL	Drilling	152,980	141,909	294,889	152,980	141,909	294,889
OVERALL	Production	772,140	442,247	1,214,387	772,140	442,247	1,214,387
OVERALL	OVERALL	925,120	584,156	1,509,276	925,120	584,156	1,509,276

Table B.49: Number of work hours (thousands) used in normalized analysis – by region and function – 2020

Region	Function	Tier 1			Tier 2
Region	Function	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL
Africa	Drilling	24,744	20,045	44,789	24,744	20,045	44,789
Africa	Production	132,727	45,392	178,119	132,727	45,392	178,119
Africa	OVERALL	157,470	65,437	222,907	157,470	65,437	222,907
Asia / Australasia	Drilling	22,405	53,378	75,784	22,405	53,378	75,784
Asia / Australasia	Production	129,433	140,233	269,666	129,433	140,233	269,666
Asia / Australasia	OVERALL	151,838	193,611	345,450	151,838	193,611	345,450
Europe	Drilling	14,972	16,052	31,024	14,972	16,052	31,024
Europe	Production	74,332	69,665	143,997	74,332	69,665	143,997
Europe	OVERALL	89,304	85,717	175,021	89,304	85,717	175,021
Middle East	Drilling	154,302	51,013	205,315	154,302	51,013	205,315
Middle East	Production	255,008	108,036	363,044	255,008	108,036	363,044
Middle East	OVERALL	409,310	159,049	568,359	409,310	159,049	568,359
North America	Drilling	41,071	16,166	57,237	41,071	16,166	57,237
North America	Production	177,140	17,736	194,876	177,140	17,736	194,876
North America	OVERALL	218,211	33,902	252,113	218,211	33,902	252,113
Russia & Central Asia	Drilling	8,883	5,372	14,255	8,883	5,372	14,255
Russia & Central Asia	Production	74,594	23,555	98,149	74,594	23,555	98,149
Russia & Central Asia	OVERALL	83,477	28,927	112,404	83,477	28,927	112,404
South & Central America	Drilling	26,317	32,355	58,672	26,317	32,355	58,672
South & Central America	Production	114,103	89,798	203,901	114,103	89,798	203,901
South & Central America	OVERALL	140,419	122,153	262,572	140,419	122,153	262,572
OVERALL	Drilling	292,694	194,382	487,076	292,694	194,382	487,076
OVERALL	Production	957,336	494,415	1,451,751	957,336	494,415	1,451,751
OVERALL	OVERALL	1,250,030	688,797	1,938,827	1,250,030	688,797	1,938,827

Table B.50: Number of work hours (thousands) used in normalized analysis – by region and function – 2021

Region	Function	Tier 1			Tier 2
Region	Function	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL	Onshore	Offshore	OVERALL
Africa	Drilling	36,662	17,665	54,327	36,662	17,665	54,327
Africa	Production	191,191	45,319	236,509	191,191	45,319	236,509
Africa	OVERALL	227,853	62,984	290,836	227,853	62,984	290,836
Asia / Australasia	Drilling	89,596	80,186	169,782	89,596	80,186	169,782
Asia / Australasia	Production	163,350	132,104	295,454	163,350	132,104	295,454
Asia / Australasia	OVERALL	252,947	212,289	465,236	252,947	212,289	465,236
Europe	Drilling	14,395	16,506	30,901	14,395	16,506	30,901
Europe	Production	65,694	69,435	135,129	65,694	69,435	135,129
Europe	OVERALL	80,089	85,941	166,030	80,089	85,941	166,030
Middle East	Drilling	145,565	53,776	199,340	145,565	53,776	199,340
Middle East	Production	294,318	106,255	400,573	294,318	106,255	400,573
Middle East	OVERALL	439,883	160,031	599,914	439,883	160,031	599,914
North America	Drilling	51,176	15,480	66,656	51,176	15,480	66,656
North America	Production	210,611	14,389	225,001	210,611	14,389	225,001
North America	OVERALL	261,787	29,870	291,657	261,787	29,870	291,657
Russia & Central Asia	Drilling	8,820	3,962	12,782	8,820	3,962	12,782
Russia & Central Asia	Production	89,013	21,588	110,601	89,013	21,588	110,601
Russia & Central Asia	OVERALL	97,833	25,550	123,383	97,833	25,550	123,383
South & Central America	Drilling	29,599	39,104	68,703	29,599	39,104	68,703
South & Central America	Production	140,046	88,343	228,389	140,046	88,343	228,389
South & Central America	OVERALL	169,644	127,447	297,091	169,644	127,447	297,091
OVERALL	Drilling	375,812	226,679	602,491	375,812	226,679	602,491
OVERALL	Production	1,154,223	477,432	1,631,655	1,154,223	477,432	1,631,655
OVERALL	OVERALL	1,530,035	704,111	2,234,146	1,530,035	704,111	2,234,146

Section 8 Company results

Table B.51: PSE rate by company 2021

Company code	Tier 1 PSE rate	Tier 2 PSE rate
HP	0.76	0.76
EA	0.45	1.64
TY	0.42	0.00
EM	0.41	0.21
HY	0.30	0.83
QG	0.28	0.83
SJ	0.25	0.51
SW	0.24	0.86
MO	0.24	0.24
LI	0.23	0.83
XU	0.18	0.00
PW	0.16	0.16
HL	0.14	0.14
UT	0.11	1.40
SP	0.10	0.31
VV	0.09	0.00
TM	0.08	0.17
OJ	0.08	0.16
YT	0.08	0.15
OH	0.07	0.55
VM	0.07	0.22
RY	0.07	0.05
TJ	0.05	1.11
KO	0.05	0.14
QX	0.04	0.38
IC	0.04	0.08
LT	0.02	0.12
XT	0.02	0.10
QC	0.02	0.04
KH	0.00	3.51
YD	0.00	0.47
FA	0.00	0.40
JE	0.00	0.28
KR	0.00	0.22
NA	0.00	0.13
NY	0.00	0.10
BE	0.00	0.00
BN	0.00	0.00
BY	0.00	0.00
CI	0.00	0.00
EJ	0.00	0.00
PE	0.00	0.00
QW	0.00	0.00
RQ	0.00	0.00
TX	0.00	0.00
UH	0.00	0.00
UU	0.00	0.00

Region	Country
Africa	Algeria
	Angola
	Chad
	Congo
	Egypt
	Equatorial Guinea
	Ethiopia
	Gabon
	Ghana
	Guinea
	Ivory Coast
	Kenya
	Liberia
	Libya
	Madagascar
	Mauritania
	Morocco
	Mozambique
	Namibia
	Nigeria
	Senegal
	Sierra Leone
	South Africa
	Sudan
	Tanzania
	Tunisia
	Uganda
Asia / Australasia	Australia
	Bangladesh
	Brunei
	China
	East Timor
	India
	Indonesia
	Japan
	Malaysia
	Myanmar
	New Zealand
	Pakistan
	Papua New Guinea
	Philippines
	Singapore
	South Korea
	Tadjikistan
	Taiwan
	Thailand
	Vietnam
Europe	Austria
	Bulgaria
	Croatia
	Cyprus
	Denmark
	France
	Germany
	Hungary
	Ireland
	Italy
	Monaco
	Netherlands
	Norway
	Poland
	Romania
	Spain
	UK
	Ukraine

Region	Country
Russia & Central Asia	Azerbaijan
	Kazakhstan
	Russia
	Turkmenistan
Middle East	Iran
	Iraq
	Jordan
	Kurdistan Region Of Iraq
	Kuwait
	Oman
	Palestine
	Qatar
	Saudi Arabia
	Syria
	Turkey
	UAE
	Yemen
North America	Canada
	Jamaica
	Mexico
	USA
South & Central America	Argentina
	Aruba
	Bolivia
	Brazil
	Chile
	Colombia
	Ecuador
	Falkland Islands
	Guyana
	Peru
	Suriname
	Trinidad & Tobago
	Uruguay
	Venezuela

Region	Country
Russia & Central Asia	Azerbaijan
	Georgia
	Kazakhstan
	Russia
	Turkmenistan
Middle East	Iran
	Iraq
	Kurdistan Region Of Iraq
	Kuwait
	Oman
	Qatar
	Saudi Arabia
	Turkey
	UAE
	Yemen
North America	Canada
	Jamaica
	Mexico
	USA
South & Central America	Argentina
	Aruba
	Bolivia
	Brazil
	Colombia
	Ecuador
	Falkland Islands
	Guyana
	Peru
	Suriname
	Trinidad & Tobago
	Uruguay
	Venezuela

Acknowledgements

Feedback

Disclaimer

Copyright notice

Revision history

Contents

Contributing companies

2022

2023

2024

Introduction

Loss of primary containment (LOPC)

Process safety [From API RP 754]

Primary containment

Process safety event (PSE) – IOGP reportable

Secondary containment [From API RP 754]

Data collection

Narrative event descriptions

Normalization

Scope of reporting and data validation

Data series

1. 2021 results

1.1 Tier 1 and Tier 2 PSE

1.2. Sabotage/wilful damage

1.3 Onshore and offshore

1.4 Tier 1 PSE causal factors

1.5 Fatal Incident causal factors

1.6 High potential event causal factors

1.7 Barriers

2. Results by function

2.1 Drilling

2.2 Production

3. Results by activity

3.1 Tier 1

3.2 Tier 2

4. Results by consequence

4.1 Tier 1

4.2 Tier 2

4.3 Injury as consequence

Tier 1 injury:

4.4 Fire or explosion as consequence

Tier 1 fire:

Tier 2 fire:

5. Results by material released

5.1 Tier 1

5.2 Tier 2

6. Results by Process Safety Fundamental

6.1 Tier 1

7. Results by region

7.1 Drilling

7.2 Production

8. Company results

Appendix A - Database dimensions

Appendix B - Data tables

Section 1 Overall results

Section 2 Results by function

Section 3 Results by activity

Section 4 Results by consequence

Section 5 Results by material

Section 6 Results by Process Safety Fundamental

Section 7 Results by region

Section 8 Company results

Appendix C - Countries represented

Appendix D - Glossary of terms

Asset integrity

Barrier

Explosion [From API RP 754]

Fatality

Fire [From API RP 754]

First aid

Hospital admission [From API RP 754]

ipieca

Loss of primary containment (LOPC)

Lost Work Day Case (LWDC)

Major incident

Material release threshold quantity

Planned shutdown (as a PSE mode of operation)

Precautionary (evacuation, public protective measure, shelter-in-place) [From API RP 754]

Pressure relief device (PRD) [From API RP 754]

Primary containment